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商業房地產自用會員us-gaap:過去拖欠的金融資產成員2023-12-310001746109bfc:商業不動產非自用成員us-gaap:過去拖欠的金融資產成員2023-12-310001746109us-gaap:過去拖欠的金融資產成員2023-12-310001746109us-gaap:建設貸款成員2024-09-300001746109us-gaap:住宅組合部分成員2023-12-310001746109us-gaap:房地產成員us-gaap:建設貸款成員2024-09-300001746109US-GAAP:房地產成員BFC:自用商業地產成員2024-09-300001746109US-GAAP:抵押品質押成員US-GAAP:施工貸款成員2024-09-300001746109US-GAAP:抵押擔保成員US-GAAP:商業投資組合分段成員2024-09-300001746109US-GAAP:抵押擔保成員BFC:自用商業地產成員2024-09-300001746109bfc:提供抵押品的其他業務資產成員us-gaap:商業投資組合分部成員2024-09-300001746109us-gaap:房地產成員2024-09-300001746109us-gaap:抵押品質押成員2024-09-300001746109bfc:提供抵押品的其他業務資產成員2024-09-300001746109us-gaap:房地產成員us-gaap:住宅投資組合分部成員2023-12-310001746109us-gaap:房地產成員bfc:商業地產自用會員2023-12-310001746109us-gaap:抵押質押成員us-gaap:住宅組合部門成員2023-12-310001746109us-gaap:抵押質押成員us-gaap:商業組合部門成員2023-12-310001746109us-gaap:抵押質押成員bfc:商業地產自用會員2023-12-310001746109bfc:其他企業資產抵押質押會員美元指數:商業投資組合細分成員2023-12-310001746109美元指數:房地產成員2023-12-310001746109美元指數:抵押品質押成員2023-12-310001746109bfc:質押抵押品其他業務資產成員2023-12-310001746109美元指數:商業投資組合細分成員2024-09-300001746109bfc:商業不動產自用成員2024-09-300001746109美元指數:商業投資組合細分成員2023-12-310001746109bfc:商業不動產自用成員2023-12-310001746109bfc:定期利率貸款到期時間爲2026年5月26日會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:定期利率貸款到期時間爲2028年3月23日會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:定期利率貸款到期時間爲2027年3月23日會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:定期利率貸款到期時間爲2026年3月23日會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:定期利率貸款到期時間爲2025年6月30日會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:定期利率貸款到期時間爲2026年6月29日會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:定期利率貸款到期時間爲2027年6月28日會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:定期利率貸款到期時間爲2029年7月9日會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:固定利率貸款到期日爲2028年7月會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:固定利率貸款到期日爲2030年4月會員2024-09-300001746109bfc:固定利率貸款到期日爲2026年5月會員2023-12-310001746109bfc:固定利率貸款到期日爲2028年3月會員2023-12-310001746109bfc:固定利率貸款到期日爲2027年3月會員2023-12-310001746109bfc:固定利率貸款到期日爲2026年3月會員2023-12-310001746109bfc:固定利率貸款到期日爲2030年4月會員2023-12-3100017461092024-09-300001746109us-gaap:美國各州和政治地區成員2023-12-310001746109美國通用會計準則:美國國庫證券成員2024-09-300001746109美國通用會計準則:美國國債證券成員2023-12-3100017461092023-12-310001746109srt : 重述調整會員bfc:HometownBancorpLtd.Member2023-02-100001746109bfc:HometownBancorpLtd.Membersrt : 之前報告的情景成員2023-02-100001746109bfc:HometownBancorpLtd.Member2023-02-100001746109bfc:HometownBancorpLtd.Member2023-02-102023-02-100001746109bfc:BankFirstN.a.Memberus-gaap:標準化方法成員2024-09-300001746109us-gaap:標準化方法成員2024-09-300001746109bfc:BankFirstN.a.Memberus-gaap:標準化方法成員2023-12-310001746109us-gaap:標準化方法成員2023-12-3100017461092024-01-012024-09-3000017461092023-01-012023-09-30iso4217:美元指數xbrli:純形xbrli:股份bfc:項目iso4217:美元指數xbrli:股份bfc:M

目錄

美國

證券交易委員會

華盛頓特區 20549

表格 10-Q

(標記一個)

根據1934年證券交易所法案第13或15(d)條的季報告

截至2024年6月30日季度結束 2024年9月30日

在從______________到______________的過渡期間

委員會文件號碼: 001-38676

bank first 公司

(依憑章程所載的完整登記名稱)

WISCONSIN

    

39-1435359

(成立地或組織其他管轄區)

(聯邦稅號)

402 North 8th, 馬尼托沃克, 威斯康辛

    

54220

(總部辦公地址)

(郵遞區號)

(920) 652-3100

(註冊人電話號碼,包括區號)

請檢查標記,確認註冊商是否(1)在過去的12個月內(或更短的期限,註冊商在該期限內需要提交此類報告)提交了證券交易法1934年第13條或15(d)條要求提交的所有報告;並且(2)過去90天一直受到此類報告的要求。 Yes  沒有

請以核對符號表示:在過去的12個月中(或登記者所需要提交和發帖這些檔案的較短時期),登記者是否已按照Regulation S-t的第405條(本章節的§232.405)要求遞交所有互動式數據檔案。 Yes  沒有

請載明檢查標記,公司是否為大型加速披露人、加速披露人、非加速披露人、小型報告公司或新興成長公司。請於「交易所法案」第1202條中查閱「大型加速披露人」、「加速披露人」、「小型報告公司」和「新興成長公司」的定義。

大型加速歸檔人

加速進入文件

非加速申報者

較小的報告公司

 

新興成長型公司

如果一家新興成長型企業,請勾選“是”表示註冊人選擇不使用根據證券交易所法第13(a)條所提供的任何新的或修改後的財務會計準則的延長過渡期來遵守。

請標記是否公司是外殼公司(根據交易所法案規則120億2)。是

根據法案第12(b)條註冊的證券:

每種類別的名稱

    

交易標的(s)

    

註冊在每個交易所上的名稱

普通股,每股面值$0.01

 

bank first

 

納斯達克股票交易所有限責任公司

該發行人普通股股數,面值為$0.01,截至2024年11月12日尚未存續。 10,012,057 股。

目錄

目錄

頁碼

第一部分. 財務信息

3

ITEm 1.

基本報表

3

合併資產負債表-2024年9月30日(未經審核)和2023年12月31日

3

合併損益表-截至2024年9月30日和2023年的三個月和九個月(未經審核)

4

合併綜合損益表-截至2024年9月30日和2023年的三個月和九個月(未經審核)

5

2024年和2023年9月30日結束的股東權益變動綜合報表-三個月以及九個月 (未經審核)

6

2024年和2023年9月30日結束的營業活動產生的現金流量綜合報表-九個月 (未經審核)

7

附註未經核數的合併財務報表

9

ITEm 2.

管理層對財務狀況和業績的討論與分析

28

項目 3。

有關市場風險的定量和定性披露

55

項目 4。

內部控制及程序

57

第二部分。其他資訊

57

ITEm 1.

法律訴訟

57

項目1A.

風險因素

57

ITEm 2.

股票權益的未註冊銷售和資金用途

58

項目 3。

優先證券違約

58

項目 4。

礦業安全披露

58

條目 5。

其他資訊

58

條目 6。

展品

59

簽名

60

2

目錄

第一部分 - 財務資訊

項目 1. 基本報表:

bank first CORPORATION

合併資產負債表

(以千為單位,除股份及每股數據外)

2024年9月30日

    

2023年12月31日

(未經審計)

(已經接受審計)

資產

現金及應收銀行款項

$

63,985

$

69,973

利息負債存款

 

140,443

 

177,495

現金及現金等價物

 

204,428

 

247,468

持有至到期的證券,以攤銷成本計算($110,993103,626 於2024年9月30日及2023年12月31日的公允價值)

 

109,236

 

103,324

可供出售的證券,按公允價值($137,642154,318 按攤銷成本於2024年9月30日及2023年12月31日的數字分別為)

 

128,438

 

142,197

待出售的貸款

4,371

3,012

貸款

3,470,920

3,342,974

貸款信用損失準備金("ACL-Loans")

(45,212)

(43,609)

貸款淨額

 

3,425,708

 

3,299,365

場地和設備,淨值

 

69,710

 

69,891

商譽

 

175,106

 

175,106

其他投資

 

22,567

 

21,366

人壽保險的現金價值

 

61,119

 

61,292

核心存款無形資產,淨額

 

22,592

 

26,996

按揭服務權("MSR")

13,351

13,668

其他持有的房地產(“OREO”)

 

712

 

2,573

對Ansay及其聯合公司的投資("Ansay")

 

34,747

 

32,926

其他資產

 

22,413

 

22,658

總資產

$

4,294,498

$

4,221,842

550,714

 

 

  

負債:

 

  

 

  

存款:

 

  

 

  

利息負債存款

$

2,463,084

$

2,382,185

非息融資存款

 

1,021,657

 

1,050,735

總存款

 

3,484,741

 

3,432,920

在回购协议下出售的证券

 

 

75,747

應付款項

 

135,346

 

35,270

次級票據

 

12,000

 

12,000

次級可轉換債券

4,124

其他負債

 

33,516

 

41,983

總負債

 

3,665,603

 

3,602,044

股東權益:

 

  

 

  

序列優先股 - $0.01 面值

 

  

 

  

已獲授權 - 5,000,000 股份

 

 

普通股 - $0.01 面值

 

  

 

  

已獲授權 - 20,000,000 股份

 

  

 

  

已發行 - 11,515,130 截至2024年9月30日及2023年12月31日的分享

 

  

 

  

流通股 - 10,011,42810,365,131 截至2024年9月30日及2023年12月31日的分享

 

115

 

115

資本公積額額外增資

 

333,303

 

333,815

保留盈餘

 

384,936

 

348,001

庫藏股,按成本 - 1,503,7021,149,999 截至2024年9月30日及2023年12月31日的分享。

 

(82,983)

 

(53,387)

累積其他全面損失

 

(6,476)

 

(8,746)

股東權益總額

 

628,895

 

619,798

總負債及股東權益

$

4,294,498

$

4,221,842

請參閱附註以獲取公司的基本報表。

3

Table of Contents

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Income

(In thousands, except per share data) (Unaudited)

    

Three months ended September 30, 

Nine months ended September 30, 

2024

    

2023

    

2024

    

2023

Interest income:

Loans, including fees

$

49,442

$

43,552

$

140,666

$

124,308

Securities:

 

 

 

 

Taxable

 

2,651

 

2,384

 

7,800

 

6,405

Tax-exempt

 

238

 

243

 

724

 

789

Other

 

1,701

 

810

 

3,461

 

2,318

Total interest income

 

54,032

 

46,989

 

152,651

 

133,820

Interest expense:

 

 

 

 

Deposits

 

16,484

 

11,644

47,671

 

29,177

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

 

252

 

22

 

1,383

Borrowed funds

 

1,665

 

1,035

 

2,719

 

2,696

Total interest expense

 

18,149

 

12,931

 

50,412

 

33,256

Net interest income

 

35,883

 

34,058

 

102,239

 

100,564

Provision for credit losses

 

 

 

200

 

4,182

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

35,883

 

34,058

 

102,039

 

96,382

Noninterest income:

 

 

 

 

Service charges

 

2,189

 

1,821

 

5,924

 

5,186

Income from Ansay

 

1,062

 

791

 

3,420

 

2,812

Income from UFS, LLC (“UFS”)

 

 

784

 

 

2,444

Loan servicing income

 

733

 

734

 

2,194

 

2,119

Valuation adjustment on MSR

(344)

229

(317)

460

Net gain on sales of mortgage loans

 

377

 

248

 

873

 

624

Other

 

876

 

647

 

3,073

 

2,012

Total noninterest income

 

4,893

 

5,254

 

15,167

 

15,657

Noninterest expense:

 

 

 

 

Salaries, commissions, and employee benefits

 

10,118

 

10,216

 

31,015

 

29,998

Occupancy

 

1,598

 

1,455

 

4,512

 

4,363

Data processing

 

2,502

 

2,153

 

7,005

 

6,111

Postage, stationery, and supplies

 

213

 

244

 

656

 

848

Net (gain) loss on sales and valuations of OREO

53

(508)

542

Net loss on sale of securities

34

75

Advertising

 

61

 

60

 

235

 

226

Charitable contributions

 

183

 

229

 

593

 

680

Outside service fees

 

1,598

 

1,438

 

4,780

 

4,987

Amortization of intangibles

 

1,429

 

1,626

 

4,404

 

4,720

Other

 

2,398

 

2,173

 

6,755

 

6,707

Total noninterest expense

 

20,100

 

19,647

 

59,481

 

59,257

Income before provision for income taxes

 

20,676

 

19,665

 

57,725

 

52,782

Provision for income taxes

 

4,124

 

4,861

 

9,702

 

13,166

Net Income

$

16,552

$

14,804

$

48,023

$

39,616

Earnings per share - basic

$

1.65

$

1.43

$

4.75

$

3.89

Earnings per share - diluted

$

1.65

$

1.43

$

4.75

$

3.89

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

Table of Contents

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 

September 30, 

    

2024

    

2023

    

2024

    

2023

Net Income

$

16,552

$

14,804

$

48,023

$

39,616

Other comprehensive income (loss):

 

 

 

 

Unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period

 

3,664

 

(6,093)

 

2,883

 

(5,308)

Amortization of unrealized holding gains on securities transferred from available for sale to held to maturity

 

 

 

(1)

 

Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income

 

 

 

34

 

75

Income tax benefit (expense)

 

(769)

 

1,276

 

(646)

 

1,044

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

 

2,895

 

(4,817)

 

2,270

 

(4,189)

Comprehensive income

$

19,447

$

9,987

$

50,293

$

35,427

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

5

Table of Contents

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except share and per share data) (Unaudited)

Accumulated

Serial

Additional

Other

Total

Preferred

Common

Paid-in

Retained

Treasury

Comprehensive

Stockholders'

    

Stock

    

Stock

    

Capital

    

Earnings

    

Stock

    

Income (loss)

    

Equity

Balance at January 1, 2023

$

$

101

$

218,263

$

295,496

$

(45,191)

$

(15,566)

$

453,103

Net income

 

 

 

 

10,680

 

 

 

10,680

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,410

 

2,410

Purchase of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

 

(6,727)

 

 

(6,727)

Sale of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

 

37

 

 

37

Cash dividends ($0.25 per share)

 

 

 

(2,616)

 

 

(2,616)

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

 

456

 

 

 

456

Vesting of restricted stock awards

 

 

 

(1,585)

 

 

1,585

 

 

Adoption of new accounting pronouncement

 

(10,050)

 

(10,050)

Shares issued in the acquisition of Hometown Bancorp, Ltd. (1,450,272 shares)

 

 

14

 

115,065

 

 

 

 

115,079

Balance at March 31, 2023

115

332,199

293,510

(50,296)

(13,156)

562,372

Net income

 

 

 

 

14,132

 

 

 

14,132

Other comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,782)

 

(1,782)

Purchase of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

 

(1,341)

 

 

(1,341)

Sale of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

 

44

 

 

44

Cash dividends ($0.30 per share)

 

 

 

 

(3,117)

 

 

 

(3,117)

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

 

564

 

 

 

564

Vesting of restricted stock awards

 

 

 

(45)

 

 

45

 

 

Balance at June 30, 2023

115

332,718

304,525

(51,548)

(14,938)

570,872

Net income

14,804

14,804

Other comprehensive loss

(4,817)

(4,817)

Purchase of treasury stock

(1,037)

(1,037)

Sale of treasury stock

63

63

Cash dividends ($0.30 per share)

(3,117)

(3,117)

Amortization of stock-based compensation

561

561

Vesting of restricted stock awards

 

 

(25)

 

 

25

 

Balance at September 30, 2023

$

$

115

$

333,254

$

316,212

$

(52,497)

$

(19,755)

$

577,329

Balance at January 1, 2024

$

$

115

$

333,815

$

348,001

$

(53,387)

$

(8,746)

$

619,798

Net income

 

 

 

 

15,412

 

 

 

15,412

Other comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

(665)

 

(665)

Purchase of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

 

(22,283)

 

 

(22,283)

Sale of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

 

55

 

 

55

Cash dividends ($0.35 per share)

 

 

 

 

(3,541)

 

 

 

(3,541)

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

 

 

554

 

 

 

 

554

Vesting of restricted stock awards

 

 

 

(2,145)

 

 

2,145

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2024

115

332,224

359,872

(73,470)

(9,411)

609,330

Net income

 

 

 

 

16,059

 

 

 

16,059

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

40

 

40

Purchase of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

 

(7,943)

 

 

(7,943)

Sale of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

 

65

 

 

65

Cash dividends ($0.35 per share)

 

 

 

 

(3,511)

 

 

 

(3,511)

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

 

 

539

 

 

 

 

539

Balance at June 30, 2024

115

332,763

372,420

(81,348)

(9,371)

614,579

Net income

16,552

16,552

Other comprehensive income

2,895

2,895

Purchase of treasury stock

(1,701)

(1,701)

Sale of treasury stock

66

66

Cash dividends ($0.40 per share)

(4,036)

(4,036)

Amortization of stock-based compensation

540

540

Balance at September 30, 2024

$

$

115

$

333,303

$

384,936

$

(82,983)

$

(6,476)

$

628,895

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

    

2024

    

2023

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income

$

48,023

$

39,616

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

Provision for credit losses

 

200

 

4,182

Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment

 

1,689

 

1,398

Amortization of intangibles

 

4,404

 

4,720

Net accretion of securities

 

(2,597)

 

(1,705)

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

1,633

 

1,581

Accretion of purchase accounting valuations

 

(4,014)

 

(6,460)

Net change in deferred loan fees and costs

 

(573)

 

(1,159)

Change in fair value of MSR and other investments

364

 

(686)

Loss from sale and disposal of premises and equipment

 

375

 

135

Net (gain) loss on sale of OREO and valuation allowance

 

(508)

 

542

Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans

 

78,340

 

56,942

Originations of mortgage loans held for sale

 

(78,826)

 

(56,825)

Gain on sales of mortgage loans

 

(873)

 

(624)

Realized loss on sale of securities

34

75

Undistributed income of UFS joint venture

 

 

(2,444)

Undistributed income of Ansay joint venture

 

(3,420)

 

(2,812)

Net earnings on life insurance

 

(1,238)

 

(1,131)

Increase in other assets

 

(402)

 

(1,026)

Decrease in other liabilities

 

(7,567)

 

(1,676)

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

35,044

 

32,643

Cash flows from investing activities, net of effects of business combination:

 

  

 

  

Activity in securities available for sale and held to maturity:

 

  

 

  

Sales

 

10,206

 

34,197

Maturities, prepayments, and calls

101,821

123,968

Purchases

 

(98,701)

 

Net increase in loans

 

(122,846)

 

(51,761)

Dividends received from UFS

 

 

1,748

Dividends received from Ansay

 

1,599

 

1,485

Proceeds from sale of OREO

 

1,936

 

1,827

Net (purchase) sales of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) stock

(1,247)

262

Net purchases of Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) stock

(3,880)

Proceeds from life insurance

1,411

Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment

 

2,380

 

Purchases of premises and equipment

 

(3,830)

 

(11,312)

Net cash received in business combination

89,959

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

 

(107,271)

 

186,493

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Table of Contents

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

    

2024

    

2023

Cash flows from financing activities, net of effects of business combination:

  

    

  

Net increase (decrease) in deposits

$

51,887

$

(194,088)

Net decrease in securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

(75,747)

 

(80,005)

Proceeds from advances of notes payable

 

140,000

 

121,700

Repayment of notes payable

 

(40,000)

 

(92,507)

Repayment of junior subordinated debentures

(4,124)

Dividends paid

 

(11,088)

 

(8,850)

Proceeds from sales of common stock

 

187

 

144

Repurchase of common stock

 

(31,928)

 

(9,105)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

29,187

 

(262,711)

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

 

(43,040)

 

(43,575)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

247,468

 

119,351

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

$

204,428

$

75,776

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

 

  

 

  

Cash paid during the period for:

Interest

$

48,391

$

29,487

Income taxes

 

10,286

 

12,606

Supplemental schedule of noncash activities:

 

 

MSR resulting from sale of loans

 

908

 

597

Change in unrealized gains and losses on investment securities available for sale, net of tax

 

2,270

 

(4,246)

Acquisition:

Fair value of assets acquired

$

$

615,105

Fair value of liabilities assumed

549,564

Net assets acquired

$

$

65,541

Common stock issued in acquisition

$

$

115,079

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

8

Table of Contents

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Bank First Corporation (the “Company”) provides a variety of financial services to individual and corporate customers through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bank First, N.A. (the “Bank”). The Bank operates as a full-service financial institution with a primary market area including, but not limited to, the counties in which the Bank’s branches are located. The Bank has twenty-six locations located in Manitowoc, Outagamie, Brown, Winnebago, Sheboygan, Shawano, Waupaca, Ozaukee, Monroe, Fond du Lac, Waushara, Dane, Columbia and Jefferson counties in Wisconsin. The Company and Bank are subject to the regulations of certain federal agencies and undergo periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities.

These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required by GAAP have been omitted or abbreviated. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“Annual Report”).

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to GAAP in the United States and general practices within the financial institution industry. To prepare financial statements in conformity with GAAP, management makes estimates, assumptions and judgments based on available information. These estimates, assumptions and judgments are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements and, as this information changes, actual results could differ from the estimates, assumptions and judgments reflected in the financial statement. As disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report, management has identified several accounting policies that, due to the estimates, assumptions and judgments inherent in those policies, are critical in understanding our financial statements. These include accounting for business combinations (primarily related to core deposit intangibles and acquired loans), accounting for the ACL-Loans, and the valuation and recording of deferred tax assets and liabilities.

There have been no material changes or developments with respect to the assumptions or methodologies that the Company uses when applying what management believes are critical accounting policies and developing critical accounting estimates as previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report.

Recently Issued Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. It provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, which defers the sunset date of the original guidance from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024. The Company has been diligent in responding to reference rate reform and does not anticipate a significant impact to its financial statements as a result.

9

Table of Contents

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements. This ASU modifies the disclosure or presentation requirements of a variety of Topics in the Codification. The amendments in this ASU are expected to clarify or improve disclosure and presentation requirements for certain codification topics. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the Security and Exchange Commission’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. If, by June 30, 2027, the Securities and Exchange Commission has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, the pending content of the related amendment will be removed from the Codification and will not become effective for any entity. The Company does not anticipate a significant impact to its financial statement disclosures as a result of this ASU.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This ASU is intended to improve the disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and addresses requests from investors and other decision makers for additional, more detailed information about a reportable segment’s expenses. The amendment applies to all public entities that are required to report segment information in accordance with Topic 280. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company does not currently expect adoption of the amendment to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statement disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU is intended to improve the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures by requiring specific categories in the rate reconciliation table and disaggregation of taxes paid by jurisdiction. All public entities must also provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a specific quantitative threshold. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024.

NOTE 2 – ACQUISITIONS

On February 10, 2023, the Company completed a merger with Hometown Bancorp, Ltd. (“Hometown”), a bank holding company headquartered in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Bank Merger (“Merger Agreement”), dated as of July 25, 2022 by and among the Company and Hometown, whereby Hometown merged with and into the Company, and Hometown Bank, Hometown’s wholly-owned banking subsidiary, merged with and into the Bank. Hometown’s principal activity was the ownership and operation of Hometown Bank, a state-chartered banking institution that operated ten (10) branches in Wisconsin at the time of closing. The merger consideration totaled approximately $130.5 million.

Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, Hometown shareholders could elect to receive either 0.3962 shares of the Company’s common stock or $29.16 in cash for each outstanding share of Hometown common stock, subject to a maximum of 30% cash consideration in total, with cash paid in lieu of any remaining fractional share. Company stock issued totaled 1,450,272 shares valued at approximately $115.1 million, with cash of $15.4 million comprising the remainder of merger consideration.

10

Table of Contents

The fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on February 10, 2023 was as follows:

As Recorded by 

    

Fair Value 

As Recorded by 

Hometown

    

Adjustments

    

the Company

Cash, cash equivalents and securities

$

174,582

$

(1,010)

$

173,572

Other investments

 

1,195

 

1,195

Loans, net

 

406,168

 

(10,367)

395,801

Premises and equipment, net

 

7,577

 

(1,109)

6,468

Core deposit intangible

 

405

 

16,085

16,490

Other assets

 

28,011

 

(6,432)

21,579

Total assets acquired

$

617,938

$

(2,833)

$

615,105

Deposits

$

532,165

$

209

$

532,374

Other borrowings

 

5,000

 

(331)

 

4,669

Junior subordinated debentures

12,372

(1,464)

10,908

Other liabilities

 

469

 

1,144

 

1,613

Total liabilities assumed

$

550,006

$

(442)

$

549,564

Excess of assets acquired over liabilities assumed

$

67,932

$

(2,391)

$

65,541

Less: purchase price

 

  

 

  

 

130,452

Goodwill

64,911

Refinement to fair value estimates (1)

(30)

Goodwill (after refinement)

 

  

 

  

$

64,881

(1)Refinement consists of adjustments to the initial fair value estimates of other assets and liabilities.

The Company purchased loans through the acquisition of Hometown for which there was, at the date of acquisition, more than insignificant deterioration of credit quality since origination (PCD Loans). The carrying amount of these loans at acquisition was as follows:

February 10, 2023

Purchase price of PCD loans at acquisition

$

25,778

Non-credit discount on PCD loans at acquisition

4,498

Allowance for credit losses on PCD loans at acquisition

5,534

Par value of PCD acquired loans at acquisition

$

35,810

The Company accounted for this transaction under the acquisition method of accounting, and thus, the financial position and results of operations of Hometown prior to the consummation date was not included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The accounting required assets purchased and liabilities assumed to be recorded at their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. The Company determined the fair value of core deposit intangibles, securities, premises and equipment, loans, other assets and liabilities and deposits with the assistance of third-party valuations, appraisals and third-party advisors. The estimated fair values were subject to refinement for up to one year after deal consummation as additional information became available relative to the closing date fair values.

For more information concerning the Company’s acquisitions, see “Note 2 – Acquisition” in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report.

NOTE 3 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The two-class method is used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Under the two-class method, earnings available to common shareholders for the period are allocated between common shareholders and participating securities according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. There were no anti-dilutive stock options for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 or 2023.

11

Table of Contents

The following table presents the factors used in the earnings per share computations for the period indicated:

Three Months Ended September 30, 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

    

2024

    

2023

    

2024

    

2023

Basic

Net income available to common shareholders

$

16,552

$

14,804

$

48,023

$

39,616

Less: Earnings allocated to participating securities

(87)

(83)

(257)

(228)

Net income allocated to common shareholders

$

16,465

$

14,721

$

47,766

$

39,388

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding including participating securities

10,012,190

10,388,909

10,107,700

10,186,107

Less: Participating securities (1)

(52,634)

(58,130)

(54,024)

(58,399)

Average shares

9,959,556

10,330,779

10,053,676

10,127,708

Basic earnings per common share

$

1.65

$

1.43

$

4.75

$

3.89

Diluted

Net income available to common shareholders

$

16,552

$

14,804

$

48,023

$

39,616

Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic earnings per common share

9,959,556

10,330,779

10,053,676

10,127,708

Add: Dilutive effects of stock based compensation awards

20,988

22,842

22,214

23,282

Average shares and dilutive potential common shares

9,980,544

10,353,621

10,075,890

10,150,990

Diluted earnings per common share

$

1.65

$

1.43

$

4.75

$

3.89

(1)Participating securities are restricted stock awards whereby the stock certificates have been issued, are included in outstanding shares, receive dividends and can be voted, but have not vested.

NOTE 4 – SECURITIES

The following is a summary of available for sale securities:

    

    

Gross

    

Gross

    

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

Estimated

Cost

Gains

Losses

Fair Value

September 30, 2024

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies

$

28,120

$

4

$

(2,330)

$

25,794

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

62,999

136

(4,671)

58,464

Mortgage-backed securities

30,856

23

(912)

29,967

Corporate notes

 

15,667

 

 

(1,454)

 

14,213

Total available for sale securities

$

137,642

$

163

$

(9,367)

$

128,438

December 31, 2023

 

 

 

 

Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies

$

31,453

$

4

$

(3,163)

$

28,294

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

63,929

77

(5,760)

58,246

Mortgage-backed securities

 

37,789

 

5

 

(1,664)

 

36,130

Corporate notes

 

20,657

 

 

(1,619)

 

19,038

Certificates of deposit

490

(1)

489

Total available for sale securities

$

154,318

$

86

$

(12,207)

$

142,197

12

Table of Contents

The following is a summary of held to maturity securities:

    

    

Gross

    

Gross

    

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

Estimated

Cost

Gains

Losses

Fair Value

September 30, 2024

U.S. Treasury securities

$

106,040

$

2,139

$

(382)

$

107,797

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

3,196

3,196

Total held to maturity securities

$

109,236

$

2,139

$

(382)

$

110,993

December 31, 2023

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

U.S. Treasury securities

$

99,173

$

1,372

$

(1,070)

$

99,475

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

4,151

4,151

Total held to maturity securities

$

103,324

$

1,372

$

(1,070)

$

103,626

The following table shows the fair value and gross unrealized losses of securities with unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:

Less Than 12 Months

Greater Than 12 Months

Total

Number

Fair

    

Unrealized

    

Fair

    

Unrealized

    

Fair

Unrealized

of

Value

Losses

Value

Losses

Value

Losses

Securities

September 30, 2024 - Available for Sale

Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies

$

698

$

(2)

$

22,412

$

(2,328)

$

23,110

$

(2,330)

23

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

4,198

(13)

46,574

(4,658)

50,772

(4,671)

63

Mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

25,647

 

(912)

 

25,647

 

(912)

 

89

Corporate notes

 

 

 

13,072

 

(1,454)

 

13,072

 

(1,454)

 

9

Totals

$

4,896

$

(15)

$

107,705

$

(9,352)

$

112,601

$

(9,367)

 

184

September 30, 2024 - Held to Maturity

U.S. Treasury securities

$

$

$

34,266

$

(382)

$

34,266

$

(382)

21

December 31, 2023 - Available for Sale

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies

$

6,519

$

(173)

$

19,519

$

(2,990)

$

26,038

$

(3,163)

24

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

6,806

(71)

40,959

(5,689)

47,765

(5,760)

65

Mortgage-backed securities

 

5,751

 

(95)

 

28,693

 

(1,569)

 

34,444

 

(1,664)

 

104

Corporate notes

 

4,926

 

(68)

 

12,487

 

(1,551)

 

17,413

 

(1,619)

 

9

Certificate of deposits

489

(1)

489

(1)

2

Totals

$

24,002

$

(407)

$

102,147

$

(11,800)

$

126,149

$

(12,207)

204

December 31, 2023 - Held to Maturity

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

U.S. Treasury securities

$

31,785

$

(99)

$

35,362

$

(971)

$

67,147

$

(1,070)

49

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

 

 

 

220

 

 

220

 

1

Totals

$

31,785

$

(99)

$

35,582

$

(971)

$

67,367

$

(1,070)

50

13

Table of Contents

As of September 30, 2024, no allowance for credit losses has been recognized on available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position as the Company does not believe any of the debt securities are credit impaired. This is based on the Company’s analysis of the risk characteristics, including credit ratings, and other qualitative factors related to these securities. The issuers of these securities continue to make timely principal and interest payments under the contractual terms of the securities. As of September 30, 2024, the Company did not intend to sell these securities and it was more likely than not that the Company would not be required to sell the debt securities before recovery of their amortized cost, which may be at maturity. The unrealized losses have occurred as a result of changes in interest rates, market spreads and market conditions subsequent to purchase, not credit deterioration.

Furthermore, based on its analysis the Company has determined that held to maturity securities have zero expected credit losses. U.S. Treasury securities have the full faith and credit backing of the United States Government.

The following is a summary of amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities by contractual maturity as of September 30, 2024. Contractual maturities will differ from expected maturities for mortgage-backed securities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations without penalties.

Available for Sale

Held to Maturity

    

Amortized

    

Estimated

    

Amortized

    

Estimated

Cost

Fair Value

Cost

Fair Value

Due in one year or less

$

1,828

$

1,833

$

22,949

$

22,841

Due after one year through 5 years

 

18,112

 

18,004

45,125

45,247

Due after 5 years through 10 years

 

41,077

 

37,683

41,162

42,905

Due after 10 years

 

45,769

 

40,951

Subtotal

 

106,786

 

98,471

109,236

110,993

Mortgage-backed securities

 

30,856

 

29,967

Total

$

137,642

$

128,438

$

109,236

$

110,993

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying values of securities pledged to secure public deposits, securities sold under repurchase agreements, and for other purposes required or permitted by law were approximately $140.0 million and $204.8 million, respectively.

There were no sales of securities available for sale during the three months ended September 30, 2024 or 2023. Sales of securities available for sale produced $10.2 million in proceeds with immaterial gross losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Sales of securities available for sale produced $34.2 million in proceeds, $0.1 million in gross gains and $0.2 million in gross losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

NOTE 5 – LOANS, ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES, AND CREDIT QUALITY

The following table presents total loans by portfolio segment and class of loan as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

2024

    

2023

Commercial/industrial

$

518,263

$

488,498

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

 

939,385

 

893,977

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

 

463,415

 

473,829

Multi-family

329,631

332,959

Construction and development

 

247,150

 

201,823

Residential 1‑4 family

 

904,099

 

888,412

Consumer

 

55,427

 

50,741

Other

 

15,225

 

14,980

Subtotals

 

3,472,595

 

3,345,219

ACL - Loans

 

(45,212)

 

(43,609)

Loans, net of ACL - Loans

 

3,427,383

 

3,301,610

Deferred loan fees, net

 

(1,675)

 

(2,245)

Loans, net

$

3,425,708

$

3,299,365

14

Table of Contents

The ACL - Loans is based on the Company’s evaluation of historical default and loss experience, current and projected economic conditions, asset quality trends, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrowers’ ability to repay a loan, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio and other relevant factors. More information regarding the Company’s methodology related to the ACL-Loans can be found in the Company’s Annual Report.

The Company utilized the high-end range of the Federal Reserve Bank Open Market Committee forecast for national unemployment and the low-end range for national GDP growth at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. As of September 30, 2024, the Company anticipates the national unemployment rate to rise during the forecast period and the national GDP growth rate to decline. The Company utilized long-term averages for the remaining loss drivers.

A roll forward of the ACL-Loans is summarized as follows:

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

Year Ended

September 30, 2024

September 30, 2023

September 30, 2024

September 30, 2023

December 31, 2023

Beginning Balance

$

45,118

$

43,409

$

43,609

$

22,680

$

22,680

Adoption of ASU 2016-13

-

-

-

10,972

10,972

ACL on PCD loans acquired

-

-

-

5,534

5,534

Provision for credit losses

400

-

1,100

4,092

4,292

Charge-offs

(366)

(15)

(444)

(70)

(88)

Recoveries

60

10

947

196

219

Net (charge-offs) recoveries

(306)

(5)

503

126

131

Ending Balance

$

45,212

$

43,404

$

45,212

$

43,404

$

43,609

A summary of the activity in the ACL - Loans by loan type for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is summarized as follows:

    

    

Commercial

    

Commercial

    

    

    

    

    

Real Estate -

Real Estate  -

Construction

Commercial /

Owner

Non - Owner

Multi-

and

Residential

Industrial

Occupied

Occupied

Family

Development

1-4 Family

Consumer

Other

Total

ACL - Loans - January 1, 2024

$

5,965

$

12,285

$

5,700

$

4,754

$

3,597

$

10,620

$

615

$

73

$

43,609

Charge-offs

 

(26)

(294)

 

 

(44)

 

(7)

 

(73)

 

(444)

Recoveries

 

3

909

 

 

9

 

7

 

19

 

947

Provision

 

(2)

(131)

(147)

(130)

 

846

 

522

 

27

 

115

 

1,100

ACL - Loans - September 30, 2024

$

5,940

$

12,769

$

5,553

$

4,624

$

4,443

$

11,107

$

642

$

134

$

45,212

A summary of the activity in the ACL – Loans by loan type for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is summarized as follows:

    

    

Commercial

    

Commercial

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

Real Estate -

Real Estate -

Construction

Commercial /

Owner

Non - Owner

Multi-

and

Residential

Industrial

Occupied

Occupied

Family

Development

1-4 Family

Consumer

Other

Total

ACL - Loans - January 1, 2023

$

4,071

$

5,204

$

2,644

$

2,761

$

1,592

$

5,944

$

314

$

150

$

22,680

Adoption of ASU 2016-13

1,859

1,982

1,161

753

2,063

2,567

620

(33)

10,972

ACL - Loans on PCD loans acquired

1,082

4,424

28

5,534

Charge-offs

 

 

 

 

(1)

 

(69)

 

(70)

Recoveries

 

5

70

 

 

104

 

4

 

13

 

196

Provision

 

538

(220)

857

388

 

(87)

 

2,509

 

70

 

37

 

4,092

ACL - Loans - September 30, 2023

$

7,555

$

11,460

$

4,662

$

3,902

$

3,568

$

11,152

$

1,007

$

98

$

43,404

In addition to the ACL-Loans, the Company has established an allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments (“ACL-Unfunded Commitments”), classified in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. This allowance is maintained to absorb losses arising from unfunded loan commitments, and is determined quarterly based on methodology similar to the methodology for determining the ACL-Loans. The ACL - Unfunded Commitments was $2.9 million and $3.8 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. See Note 10 for further information on commitments.

15

Table of Contents

The provision for credit losses is determined by the Company as the amount to be added to the ACL accounts for various types of financial instruments including loans, investment securities, and off-balance sheet credit exposures after net charge-offs have been deducted to bring the ACL to a level that, in management’s judgment, is necessary to absorb expected credit losses over the lives of the respective financial instruments. The following table presents the components of the provision for credit losses.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

Year Ended

September 30, 2024

September 30, 2023

September 30, 2024

September 30, 2023

December 31, 2023

Provision for credit losses on:

Loans

$

400

$

$

1,100

$

4,092

$

4,292

Unfunded Commitments

(400)

(900)

90

390

Total provision for credit losses

$

$

$

200

$

4,182

$

4,682

The Company’s past due and non-accrual loans as of September 30, 2024 is summarized as follows:

    

    

90 Days

    

    

Non-Accrual

30-89 Days

or more

with no

Past Due

Past Due

Non-

specifically

Accruing

and Accruing

Accrual

Total

allocated ACL

Commercial/industrial

$

333

$

15

$

4,117

$

4,465

$

20

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

 

116

 

 

5,382

 

5,498

 

812

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

 

 

79

 

 

79

 

Multi-family

Construction and development

 

 

86

 

 

86

 

Residential 1‑4 family

 

987

 

1,282

 

176

 

2,445

 

176

Consumer

 

109

 

14

 

18

 

141

 

19

Other

 

 

 

 

 

$

1,545

$

1,476

$

9,693

$

12,714

$

1,027

The Company’s past due and non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2023 is summarized as follows:

    

    

90 Days

    

    

Non-Accrual

30-89 Days

or more

with no

Past Due

Past Due

Non-

specifically

Accruing

and Accruing

Accrual

Total

allocated ACL

Commercial/industrial

$

4,303

$

106

$

1,344

$

5,753

$

365

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

 

180

 

252

 

3,877

 

4,309

 

343

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

 

14

 

 

 

14

 

Multi-family

Construction and development

 

 

 

 

 

Residential 1‑4 family

 

871

 

507

 

429

 

1,807

 

394

Consumer

 

68

 

28

 

12

 

108

 

11

Other

 

 

 

 

 

$

5,436

$

893

$

5,662

$

11,991

$

1,113

Interest recognized on non-accrual loans is considered immaterial to the consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when, based upon management’s assessment, the borrower is experiencing financial

difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. For collateral dependent loans, expected credit losses are based on amortized cost of the loan less the estimated fair value of the collateral at the balance sheet date, with consideration for estimated selling costs if satisfaction of the loan depends on the sale of the collateral.

16

Table of Contents

The following tables present collateral dependent loans by portfolio segment and collateral type, including those loans with and without a related allowance allocation. A significant portion of the loan balances in these tables and essentially all of the allowance allocations relate to PCD loans which were acquired from Hometown. Real estate collateral primarily consists of operating facilities of the underlying borrowers. Other business assets collateral primarily consists of equipment, receivables and inventory of the underlying borrowers.

Collateral Type

As of September 30, 2024

Other

Without an

With an

Allowance

Real Estate

Business Assets

Total

Allowance

Allowance

Allocation

Commercial/industrial

$

$

4,142

$

4,142

$

$

4,142

$

820

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

 

10,298

 

 

10,298

 

 

10,298

 

3,552

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

 

 

 

 

 

 

Multi-family

Construction and development

 

700

 

 

700

 

700

 

 

Residential 1‑4 family

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consumer

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Loans

$

10,998

$

4,142

$

15,140

$

700

$

14,440

$

4,372

Collateral Type

As of December 31, 2023

Other

Without an

With an

Allowance

Real Estate

Business Assets

Total

Allowance

Allowance

Allocation

Commercial/industrial

$

$

5,320

$

5,320

$

47

$

5,273

$

1,089

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

 

8,131

 

 

8,131

 

794

 

7,337

 

3,156

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

 

 

 

 

 

 

Multi-family

Construction and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential 1‑4 family

 

35

 

 

35

 

35

 

 

Consumer

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Loans

$

8,166

$

5,320

$

13,486

$

876

$

12,610

$

4,245

The Company utilizes a numerical risk rating system for commercial relationships. All other types of relationships (ex: residential, consumer, other) are assigned a “Pass” rating, unless they have fallen 90 days past due or more, at which time they are assessed for a rating of 5, 6 or 7. The Company uses split ratings for government guaranties on loans. The portion of a loan that is supported by a government guaranty is included with other Pass credits.

The determination of a commercial loan risk rating begins with completion of a matrix, which assigns scores based on the strength of the borrower’s debt service coverage, collateral coverage, balance sheet leverage, industry outlook, and customer concentration. A weighted average is taken of these individual scores to arrive at the overall rating. This rating is subject to adjustment by the loan officer based on facts and circumstances pertaining to the borrower. Risk ratings are subject to independent review.

Commercial borrowers with ratings between 1 and 5 are considered Pass credits, with 1 being most acceptable and 5 being just above the minimum level of acceptance. Commercial borrowers rated 6 have potential weaknesses which may jeopardize repayment ability. Borrowers rated 7 have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses such as the inability to demonstrate significant cash flow for debt service based on analysis of the company’s financial information. These loans remain on accrual status provided full collection of principal and interest is reasonably expected. Otherwise they are deemed impaired and placed on nonaccrual status. Borrowers rated 8 are the same as 7 rated credits with one exception: collection or liquidation in full is not probable.

17

Table of Contents

The following tables present total loans by risk ratings and year of origination. Loans acquired from other previously acquired institutions have been included in the table based upon the actual origination date.

Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year

As of September 30, 2024

Revolving

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

Prior

Revolving

to Term

Total

Commercial/industrial

Grades 1-4

$

68,144

$

62,018

$

69,838

$

52,307

$

42,744

$

22,243

$

81,623

$

-

$

398,917

Grade 5

13,028

6,858

50,781

5,868

2,469

1,566

20,519

-

101,089

Grade 6

258

621

114

19

124

188

1,835

-

3,159

Grade 7

425

406

291

6,130

1,112

769

5,965

-

15,098

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

81,855

$

69,903

$

121,024

$

64,324

$

46,449

$

24,766

$

109,942

$

-

$

518,263

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

9

$

15

$

-

$

2

$

-

$

-

$

26

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

Grades 1-4

$

52,323

$

62,815

$

104,181

$

163,438

$

98,179

$

187,342

$

40,690

$

-

$

708,968

Grade 5

42,926

20,155

19,342

19,966

10,109

37,418

10,260

-

160,176

Grade 6

-

791

6,871

2,800

4,762

6,319

3,025

-

24,568

Grade 7

-

868

7,290

3,457

1,645

29,591

2,822

-

45,673

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

95,249

$

84,629

$

137,684

$

189,661

$

114,695

$

260,670

$

56,797

$

-

$

939,385

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

293

$

-

$

1

$

-

$

-

$

294

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

Grades 1-4

$

22,334

$

54,985

$

61,100

$

127,796

$

48,103

$

98,862

$

9,485

$

-

$

422,665

Grade 5

1,562

1,953

4,666

8,544

3,565

13,191

-

-

33,481

Grade 6

-

-

1,502

-

-

2,627

2,015

-

6,144

Grade 7

-

-

-

62

354

709

-

-

1,125

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

23,896

$

56,938

$

67,268

$

136,402

$

52,022

$

115,389

$

11,500

$

-

$

463,415

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Multi-family

Grades 1-4

$

1,134

$

26,240

$

33,118

$

100,112

$

72,048

$

83,996

$

2,493

$

-

$

319,141

Grade 5

781

1,018

1,317

4,207

-

122

-

-

7,445

Grade 6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 7

-

-

-

-

-

3,045

-

-

3,045

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

1,915

$

27,258

$

34,435

$

104,319

$

72,048

$

87,163

$

2,493

$

-

$

329,631

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Construction and development

Grades 1-4

$

40,787

$

70,062

$

66,126

$

12,015

$

4,521

$

5,468

$

586

$

-

$

199,565

Grade 5

4,529

32,120

1,078

1,128

628

54

1,155

-

40,692

Grade 6

210

2,561

-

-

-

-

-

-

2,771

Grade 7

-

700

-

2,494

162

766

-

-

4,122

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

45,526

$

105,443

$

67,204

$

15,637

$

5,311

$

6,288

$

1,741

$

-

$

247,150

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Residential 14 family

Grades 1-4

$

69,493

$

100,975

$

183,771

$

181,644

$

144,159

$

107,227

$

91,426

$

-

$

878,695

Grade 5

2,780

2,862

6,336

2,304

3,123

2,066

293

-

19,764

Grade 6

-

153

679

-

-

202

-

-

1,034

Grade 7

-

-

12

1,022

879

2,508

185

-

4,606

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

72,273

$

103,990

$

190,798

$

184,970

$

148,161

$

112,003

$

91,904

$

-

$

904,099

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

44

$

-

$

-

$

44

Consumer

Grades 1-4

$

22,821

$

13,967

$

8,963

$

4,372

$

3,110

$

1,778

$

397

$

-

$

55,408

Grade 5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 7

-

-

-

-

-

19

-

-

19

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

22,821

$

13,967

$

8,963

$

4,372

$

3,110

$

1,797

$

397

$

-

$

55,427

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

4

$

-

$

3

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

7

Other

Grades 1-4

$

1,770

$

175

$

620

$

491

$

445

$

9,319

$

2,324

$

-

$

15,144

Grade 5

-

-

-

-

-

-

81

-

81

Grade 6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

1,770

$

175

$

620

$

491

$

445

$

9,319

$

2,405

$

-

$

15,225

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

73

$

-

$

73

Total Loans

$

345,305

$

462,303

$

627,996

$

700,176

$

442,241

$

617,395

$

277,179

$

-

$

3,472,595

Total current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

13

$

308

$

3

$

47

$

73

$

-

$

444

18

Table of Contents

Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year

As of December 31, 2023

Revolving

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

Prior

Revolving

to Term

Total

Commercial/industrial

Grades 1-4

$

59,526

$

133,469

$

62,894

$

54,552

$

10,380

$

20,575

$

78,439

$

-

$

419,835

Grade 5

6,127

5,367

11,641

4,208

1,180

3,039

21,420

-

52,982

Grade 6

671

93

61

206

-

-

627

-

1,658

Grade 7

365

271

5,756

2,351

30

1,687

3,563

-

14,023

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

66,689

$

139,200

$

80,352

$

61,317

$

11,590

$

25,301

$

104,049

$

-

$

488,498

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

Grades 1-4

$

55,239

$

105,187

$

167,124

$

108,680

$

47,115

$

178,586

$

33,220

$

-

$

695,151

Grade 5

7,586

24,734

24,890

12,955

11,168

26,179

21,519

-

129,031

Grade 6

-

1,161

1,694

110

867

6,552

699

-

11,083

Grade 7

3,143

9,988

10,061

2,313

14,775

15,777

2,655

-

58,712

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

65,968

$

141,070

$

203,769

$

124,058

$

73,925

$

227,094

$

58,093

$

-

$

893,977

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

Grades 1-4

$

54,774

$

72,336

$

127,450

$

53,341

$

45,898

$

84,129

$

9,870

$

-

$

447,798

Grade 5

944

4,819

2,872

3,516

97

10,081

-

-

22,329

Grade 6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 7

-

-

64

366

2,722

550

-

-

3,702

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

55,718

$

77,155

$

130,386

$

57,223

$

48,717

$

94,760

$

9,870

$

-

$

473,829

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Commercial real estate - multi-family

Grades 1-4

$

25,099

$

28,144

$

103,804

$

74,083

$

25,640

$

61,589

$

2,149

$

-

$

320,508

Grade 5

672

1,092

10,660

-

-

27

-

-

12,451

Grade 6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

25,771

$

29,236

$

114,464

$

74,083

$

25,640

$

61,616

$

2,149

$

-

$

332,959

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Construction and development

Grades 1-4

$

65,134

$

67,396

$

35,017

$

5,013

$

1,853

$

4,281

$

779

$

-

$

179,473

Grade 5

11,796

1,190

6,060

743

-

84

808

-

20,681

Grade 6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 7

707

-

-

172

-

790

-

-

1,669

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

77,637

$

68,586

$

41,077

$

5,928

$

1,853

$

5,155

$

1,587

$

-

$

201,823

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Residential 14 family

Grades 1-4

$

102,529

$

199,295

$

197,713

$

160,489

$

44,411

$

77,644

$

80,659

$

-

$

862,740

Grade 5

3,816

4,819

6,269

119

612

2,465

604

-

18,704

Grade 6

158

319

810

-

-

180

249

-

1,716

Grade 7

316

366

29

1,022

400

2,947

172

-

5,252

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

106,819

$

204,799

$

204,821

$

161,630

$

45,423

$

83,236

$

81,684

$

-

$

888,412

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Consumer

Grades 1-4

$

23,711

$

12,497

$

6,570

$

4,498

$

1,194

$

1,326

$

925

$

-

$

50,721

Grade 5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 7

-

-

-

-

-

20

-

-

20

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

23,711

$

12,497

$

6,570

$

4,498

$

1,194

$

1,346

$

925

$

-

$

50,741

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

4

$

-

$

4

Other

Grades 1-4

$

347

$

663

$

551

$

1,076

$

38

$

9,697

$

2,520

$

-

$

14,892

Grade 5

-

-

-

-

-

-

88

-

88

Grade 6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Grade 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

$

347

$

663

$

551

$

1,076

$

38

$

9,697

$

2,608

$

-

$

14,980

Current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

84

$

-

$

84

Total Loans

$

422,660

$

673,206

$

781,990

$

489,813

$

208,380

$

508,205

$

260,965

$

-

$

3,345,219

Total current-period gross charge-offs

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

88

$

-

$

88

Loans that were both experiencing financial difficulty and were modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, were insignificant to these consolidated financial statements.

19

Table of Contents

NOTE 6 – MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS

Loans serviced for others are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. MSRs are recognized as separate assets when loans sold in the secondary market are sold with servicing retained. The Company utilizes a third-party consulting firm to assist with determining an accurate assessment of the MSRs fair value. The third-party firm collects relevant data points from numerous sources. Some of these data points relate directly to the pricing level or relative value of the mortgage servicing while other data points relate to the assumptions used to derive fair value. In addition, the valuation evaluates specific collateral types, and current and historical performance of the collateral in question. The valuation process focuses on the non-distressed secondary servicing market, common industry practices and current regulatory standards. The primary determinants of the fair value of MSRs are servicing fee percentage, ancillary income, expected loan life or prepayment speeds, discount rates, costs to service, delinquency rates, foreclosure losses and recourse obligations. The valuation data also contains interest rate shock analyses for monitoring fair value changes in differing interest rate environments.

Following is an analysis of activity in the MSR asset:

    

Nine Months Ended

    

Year Ended

September 30, 2024

December 31, 2023

Fair value at beginning of period

$

13,668

$

9,582

Servicing asset additions

 

908

 

879

Loan payments and payoffs

 

(1,240)

 

(1,624)

Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions used in the valuation model

 

15

 

1,140

Amount recognized through earnings

(317)

395

MSR asset acquired

 

 

3,691

Fair value at end of period

$

13,351

$

13,668

Unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others

$

1,167,070

$

1,175,709

Mortgage servicing rights as a percent of loans serviced for others

 

1.14

 

1.16

The primary economic assumptions utilized by the Company in measuring the value of MSRs were constant prepayment speeds of 8.4 and 7.5 months as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and discount rates of 10.19% as of each of those periods. The constant prepayment speeds are obtained from publicly available sources for each of the loan programs the Company originates under.

20

Table of Contents

NOTE 7 – NOTES PAYABLE

The Company utilizes FHLB advances to fund liquidity. The Company had outstanding balances borrowed from the FHLB of $135.5 million at September 30, 2024 and $35.5 million as of December 31, 2023. The advances, rate, and maturities of FHLB advances were as follows:

    

    

    

September 30, 

    

December 31, 

Maturity

Rate

2024

2023

Fixed rate, fixed term

06/30/2025

5.16%

$

25,000

$

Fixed rate, fixed term

03/23/2026

4.02%

10,000

10,000

Fixed rate, fixed term

05/26/2026

1.95%

5,000

5,000

Fixed rate, fixed term

06/29/2026

4.77%

15,000

Fixed rate, fixed term

03/23/2027

3.91%

10,000

10,000

Fixed rate, fixed term

06/28/2027

4.57%

15,000

Fixed rate, fixed term

03/23/2028

3.85%

10,000

10,000

Fixed rate, fixed term

07/05/2028

4.41%

20,000

Fixed rate, fixed term

07/09/2029

4.31%

25,000

Fixed rate, fixed term

04/22/2030

0.00%

508

508

135,508

35,508

Adjustment due to purchase accounting

(162)

(238)

$

135,346

$

35,270

Future maturities of borrowings were as follows:

    

September 30, 

    

December 31, 

2024

2023

1 year or less

$

25,000

$

1 to 2 years

 

30,000

 

2 to 3 years

 

25,000

 

15,000

3 to 4 years

 

30,000

 

10,000

4 to 5 years

 

25,000

 

10,000

Over 5 years

508

508

$

135,508

$

35,508

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had borrowing availability at the FHLB totaling $672.8 million in addition to the existing borrowings noted in the tables above.

21

Table of Contents

NOTE 8 – SUBORDINATED NOTES AND JUNIOR SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES

During July 2020, the Company entered into subordinated note agreements with two separate commercial banks. The Company had through December 31, 2020, to borrow funds up to a maximum availability of $6.0 million under each agreement, or $12.0 million total. These notes were issued with 10-year maturities, carry interest at a fixed rate of 5.0% through June 30, 2025, and at a variable rate thereafter, payable quarterly. These notes are callable on or after January 1, 2026 and qualify for Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes. The Company had outstanding balances of $6.0 million under these agreements at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

During August 2022, the Company entered into subordinated note agreements with an individual. The Company had outstanding balances of $6.0 million under these agreements as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. These notes were issued with 10-year maturities, carry interest at a fixed rate of 5.25% through August 6, 2027, and at a variable rate thereafter, payable quarterly. These notes are callable on or after August 6, 2027 and qualify for Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

As a result of the acquisition of Hometown during February 2023, the Company acquired all of the common securities of Hometown’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Hometown Bancorp, Ltd. Capital Trust I (“Trust I”) and Hometown Bancorp, Ltd. Capital Trust II (“Trust II”). The Company also assumed adjustable rate junior subordinated debentures issued to these trusts. The junior subordinated debentures issued to Trust I and Trust II totaled $4.1 million and $8.2 million, respectively, carried interest at floating rates resetting on each quarterly payment date, and were due on January 7, 2034 and December 15, 2036, respectively. Applicable discounts originally totaling $1.5 million were recorded to carry the assumed debentures at their then estimated fair value and were being accreted to interest expense over the remaining life of the debentures. Both junior subordinated debentures were redeemable by the Company, subject to prior approval by the Federal Reserve Bank, on any quarterly payment date. The junior subordinated debentures represented the sole asset of Trust I and Trust II. The trusts were not included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The net effect of all agreements assumed with respect to Trust I and Trust II is that the Company, through payments on its debentures, was liable for the distributions and other payments required on the trusts’ preferred securities. Trust I and Trust II also provided the Company with $12.0 million in Tier 1 capital for regulatory capital purposes. The Company redeemed the junior subordinated debenture related to Trust II during December 2023 and the junior subordinated debenture related to Trust I during January 2024, resulting in the trusts’ dissolution. As a result of the redemption of the junior subordinated debenture related to Trust II and notification of the Company’s intent to redeem the junior subordinated debenture of Trust I prior to December 31, 2023, the Company amortized the remaining original fair value discounts into interest expense during December 2023.

22

Table of Contents

NOTE 9 – REGULATORY MATTERS

Banks and certain bank holding companies are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can initiate regulatory action.

Under regulatory guidance for non-advanced approaches institutions, the Bank and Company are required to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of common equity Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, including an additional conservation buffer determined by banking regulators. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, this buffer was 2.5%. The Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Actual and required capital amounts and ratios are presented below at period-end:

To Be Well

 

Minimum Capital

Capitalized Under

 

For Capital

Adequacy with

Prompt Corrective

 

Actual

Adequacy Purposes

Capital Buffer

Action Provisions

 

    

Amount

    

Ratio

    

Amount

    

Ratio

    

Amount

    

Ratio

    

Amount

    

Ratio

September 30, 2024

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets):

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

$

495,493

 

13.87

%  

$

285,833

 

8.00

%  

$

375,156

 

10.50

%  

NA

 

NA

Bank

$

434,920

 

12.18

%  

$

285,664

 

8.00

%  

$

374,934

 

10.50

%  

$

357,080

 

10.00

%

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

Company

$

442,697

 

12.39

%  

$

214,375

 

6.00

%  

$

303,698

 

8.50

%  

NA

 

NA

Bank

$

394,124

 

11.04

%  

$

214,248

 

6.00

%  

$

303,518

 

8.50

%  

$

285,664

 

8.00

%

Common Equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

$

442,697

 

12.39

%  

$

160,781

 

4.50

%  

$

250,104

 

7.00

%  

NA

 

NA

Bank

$

394,124

 

11.04

%  

$

160,686

 

4.50

%  

$

249,956

 

7.00

%  

$

232,102

 

6.50

%

Tier 1 capital (to average assets):

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

$

442,697

 

10.94

%  

$

161,935

 

4.00

%  

$

161,935

 

4.00

%  

NA

 

NA

Bank

$

394,124

 

9.74

%  

$

161,835

 

4.00

%  

$

161,835

 

4.00

%  

$

202,294

 

5.00

%

December 31, 2023

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets):

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

$

484,398

 

13.99

%  

$

276,904

 

8.00

%  

$

363,437

 

10.50

%  

NA

 

NA

Bank

$

446,634

 

12.91

%  

$

276,726

 

8.00

%  

$

363,202

 

10.50

%  

$

345,907

 

10.00

%

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

Company

$

437,979

 

12.65

%  

$

207,678

 

6.00

%  

$

294,211

 

8.50

%  

NA

 

NA

Bank

$

412,215

 

11.92

%  

$

207,544

 

6.00

%  

$

294,021

 

8.50

%  

$

276,726

 

8.00

%

Common Equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

$

433,979

 

12.54

%  

$

155,759

 

4.50

%  

$

242,291

 

7.00

%  

NA

 

NA

Bank

$

412,215

 

11.92

%  

$

155,658

 

4.50

%  

$

242,135

 

7.00

%  

$

224,840

 

6.50

%

Tier 1 capital (to average assets):

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

$

437,979

 

11.05

%  

$

158,581

 

4.00

%  

$

158,581

 

4.00

%  

NA

 

NA

Bank

$

412,215

 

10.40

%  

$

158,585

 

4.00

%  

$

158,585

 

4.00

%  

$

198,231

 

5.00

%

23

Table of Contents

NOTE 10 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company enters into commitments to originate loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding (rate-lock commitments). Rate-lock commitments on mortgage loans that are intended to be sold are considered to be derivatives. Accordingly, such commitments, along with any related fees received from potential borrowers, are recorded at fair value in derivative assets or liabilities, with changes in fair value recorded in the net gain or loss on sale of mortgage loans. Fair value is based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements and for fixed rate commitments also considers the difference between current levels of interest rates and committed rates. The notional amount of rate-lock commitments at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was approximately $15.7 million and $5.9 million, respectively. The fair value of these rate-lock commitments are not material to these financial statements and have not been recorded.

The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual or notional amount of these commitments. The Company follows the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. Since some of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon and some of the commitments may not be drawn upon to the total extent of the commitment, the notional amount of these commitments does not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

The following commitments were outstanding:

Notional Amount

    

September 30, 2024

December 31, 2023

Commitments to extend credit:

 

  

 

  

Fixed

$

53,863

$

92,113

Variable

 

708,036

 

707,285

Credit card arrangements

 

22,884

 

21,213

Letters of credit

 

15,447

 

9,785

NOTE 11 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value.

Level 1:        Quoted prices (unadjusted) or identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2:        Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3:        Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

24

Table of Contents

Information regarding the fair value of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis is as follows:

    

Instruments

    

Markets

    

Other

    

Significant

Measured

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable

At Fair

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

Value

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

September 30, 2024

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Assets

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Securities available for sale

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies

$

25,794

$

$

25,794

$

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

 

58,464

 

 

58,464

 

Mortgage-backed securities

29,967

29,967

Corporate notes

 

14,213

 

 

14,213

 

Mortgage servicing rights

 

13,351

 

 

13,351

 

December 31, 2023

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Assets

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Securities available for sale

Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies

$

28,294

$

$

28,294

$

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

 

58,246

 

 

58,246

 

Mortgage-backed securities

36,130

36,130

Corporate notes

 

19,038

 

 

19,038

 

Certificates of deposit

489

489

Mortgage servicing rights

 

13,668

 

 

13,668

 

There were no assets measured on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during these periods. Furthermore, there were no liabilities measured on a recurring basis during the periods.

Information regarding the fair value of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis is as follows:

    

    

Quoted Prices

    

    

In Active

Significant

Assets

Markets

Other

Significant

Measured

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable

At Fair

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

Value

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

September 30, 2024

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

OREO

$

712

$

$

$

712

Loans individually evaluated, net of reserve

10,768

10,768

$

11,480

$

$

$

11,480

December 31, 2023

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

OREO

$

2,573

$

$

$

2,573

Loans individually evaluated, net of reserve

 

9,242

 

 

 

9,242

$

11,815

$

$

$

11,815

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used by the Company for the items noted in the table above, including the general classification of such instruments in the fair value hierarchy. For loans individually evaluated, the amount of reserve is based upon the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans, or the estimated liquidity of the note. For OREO, the fair value is based upon the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral adjusted for the expected costs to sell.

25

Table of Contents

The following table shows significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of Level 3 assets:

    

    

    

    

Weighted

 

Unobservable

Range of

Average

 

Valuation Technique

Inputs

Discounts

 

Discount

As of September 30, 2024

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

OREO

 

Third party appraisals, sales contracts or brokered price options

 

Collateral discounts and estimated costs to sell

 

61

%  

61

%

Loans individually evaluated

 

Third party appraisals and discounted cash flows

 

Collateral discounts and discount rates

 

0% - 100

%  

29

%

As of December 31, 2023

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

OREO

 

Third party appraisals, sales contracts or brokered price options

 

Collateral discounts and estimated costs to sell

 

3% - 71

%  

38

%

Loans individually evaluated

 

Third party appraisals and discounted cash flows

 

Collateral discounts and discount rates

 

0% - 53

%  

31

%

The carrying value and estimated fair value of financial instruments not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are as follows:

Carrying

September 30, 2024

    

amount

    

Level 1

    

Level 2

    

Level 3

    

Total

Financial assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

$

204,428

$

204,428

$

$

$

204,428

Securities held to maturity

 

109,236

 

107,797

 

3,196

 

 

110,993

Loans held for sale

 

4,371

 

 

4,371

 

 

4,371

Loans, net

 

3,425,708

 

 

 

3,231,867

 

3,231,867

Other investments

 

22,567

 

 

 

22,567

 

22,567

Financial liabilities:

 

 

 

Deposits

$

3,484,741

$

$

$

3,280,558

$

3,280,558

Notes payable

135,346

135,346

135,346

Subordinated notes

 

12,000

12,000

12,000

    

Carrying

    

    

    

    

December 31, 2023

amount

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Financial assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

$

247,468

$

247,468

$

$

$

247,468

Securities held to maturity

 

103,324

 

99,475

 

4,151

 

 

103,626

Loans held for sale

 

3,012

 

 

3,012

 

 

3,012

Loans, net

 

3,299,365

 

 

 

3,168,749

 

3,168,749

Other investments

 

21,366

 

 

 

21,366

 

21,366

Financial liabilities:

Deposits

$

3,432,920

 

 

 

3,153,512

3,153,512

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

75,747

75,747

75,747

Notes payable

 

35,270

35,270

35,270

Subordinated notes

 

12,000

12,000

12,000

Junior subordinated debentures

4,124

4,124

4,124

26

Table of Contents

The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other than in a forced liquidation. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. Consequently, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company.

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters that could affect the estimates. Fair value estimates are based on existing on- and off-balance-sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments.

Deposits with no stated maturities are defined as having a fair value equivalent to the amount payable on demand. This prohibits adjusting fair value derived from retaining those deposits for an expected future period of time. This component, commonly referred to as a deposit base intangible, is neither considered in the above amounts nor is it recorded as an intangible asset on the consolidated balance sheet. Significant assets and liabilities that are not considered financial assets and liabilities include premises and equipment. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in the estimates.

NOTE 12 – STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

The Company has made restricted share grants pursuant to the Bank First Corporation 2011 Equity Plan and the Bank First Corporation 2020 Equity Plan, which replaced the 2011 Plan. The purpose of the Plan is to provide financial incentives for selected employees and for the non-employee Directors of the Company, thereby promoting the long-term growth and financial success of the Company. The number of shares of Company stock that may be issued pursuant to awards under the 2020 Plan shall not exceed, in the aggregate, 700,000. As of September 30, 2024, 100,954 shares of Company stock have been awarded under the 2020 Plan. Compensation expense for restricted stock is based on the fair value of the awards of Bank First Corporation common stock at the time of grant. The value of restricted stock grants that are expected to vest is amortized into expense over the vesting periods. For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, compensation expense of $0.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively, was recognized related to restricted stock awards. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, compensation expense of $1.6 million and $1.6 million, respectively, was recognized related to restricted stock awards.

As of September 30, 2024, there was $2.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock awards granted under the plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.41 years. The aggregate grant date fair value of restricted stock awards that vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was approximately $2.1 million.

For the period ended

For the period ended

September 30, 2024

September 30, 2023

    

    

Weighted-

    

    

Weighted-

Average Grant-

Average Grant-

Shares

Date Fair Value

Shares

Date Fair Value

Restricted Stock

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Outstanding at beginning of period

 

58,196

$

72.28

 

59,272

$

65.85

Granted

 

24,581

 

85.85

 

25,506

 

80.15

Vested

 

(30,143)

 

71.14

 

(25,762)

 

62.05

Forfeited or cancelled

 

 

 

(820)

 

65.09

Outstanding at end of period

 

52,634

$

79.27

 

58,196

$

71.42

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Table of Contents

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in our Annual Report and with our unaudited condensed accompanying notes set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period September 30, 2024.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this report are forward-looking statements within the meaning of and subject to the safe harbor protections of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to the Company’s assets, business, cash flows, condition (financial or otherwise), credit quality, financial performance, liquidity, short and long-term performance goals, prospects, results of operations, strategic initiatives, potential future acquisitions, disposition and other growth opportunities. These statements, which are based upon certain assumptions and estimates and describe the Company’s future plans, results, strategies and expectations, can generally be identified by the use of the words and phrases “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “goal,” “plan,” “potential,” “estimate,” “project,” “believe,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “target,” “aim,” “predict,” “continue,” “seek,” “projection” and other variations of such words and phrases and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts, and are based upon current expectations, estimates and projections about the Company’s industry, management’s beliefs and certain assumptions made by management, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond the Company’s control. The inclusion of these forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that such expectations, estimates and projections will be achieved. Accordingly, the Company cautions investors that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, assumptions and uncertainties that are difficult to predict and that are beyond the Company’s control. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date of this report, actual results may prove to be materially different from the results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. A number of factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statement in this report including, without limitation, the risks and other factors set forth in the Company’s Registration Statements under the captions “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk factors.” Many of these factors are beyond the Company’s ability to control or predict. If one or more events related to these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if the Company’s underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements speaks only as of the date of this report, and the Company does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by law. New risks and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict their occurrence or how they will affect the Company.

We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

OVERVIEW

Bank First Corporation is a Wisconsin corporation that was organized primarily to serve as the holding company for Bank First, N.A. Bank First, N.A., which was incorporated in 1894, is a nationally-chartered bank headquartered in Manitowoc, Wisconsin. It is a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“Federal Reserve”), and is regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”). Including its headquarters in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, the Bank has twenty-six banking locations in Manitowoc, Outagamie, Brown, Winnebago, Sheboygan, Shawano, Waupaca, Ozaukee, Monroe, Fond du Lac, Waushara, Dane, Columbia and Jefferson counties in Wisconsin. The Bank offers loan, deposit and treasury management products at each of its banking locations.

28

Table of Contents

As with most community banks, the Bank derives a significant portion of its income from interest received on loans and investments. The Bank’s primary source of funding is deposits, both interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing. In order to maximize the Bank’s net interest income, or the difference between the income on interest-earning assets and the expense of interest-bearing liabilities, the Bank must not only manage the volume of these balance sheet items, but also the yields earned on interest-earning assets and the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities. To account for credit risk inherent in all loans, the Bank maintains an ACL - Loans to absorb possible losses on existing loans that may become uncollectible. The Bank establishes and maintains this allowance by charging a provision for loan losses against operating earnings. Beyond its net interest income, the Bank further receives income through the net gain on sale of loans held for sale as well as servicing income which is retained on those sold loans. In order to maintain its operations and bank locations, the Bank incurs various operating expenses which are further described within the “Results of Operations” later in this section.

On February 10, 2023, the Company consummated its merger with Hometown pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Bank Merger, dated as of July 25, 2022, by and among the Company and Hometown, whereby Hometown was merged with and into the Company, and Hometown Bank, Hometown’s wholly owned banking subsidiary, was merged with and into the Bank. The system integration was completed, and six branches of Hometown Bank opened on February 13, 2023 as branches of the Bank, expanding the Bank’s presence in Fond du Lac, Columbia, Dane and Waushara County.

The Company accounted for this transaction under the acquisition method of accounting, and thus, the financial position and results of operations of Hometown prior to the consummation date are not included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The acquisition method of accounting required assets purchased and liabilities assumed to be recorded at their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. The Company determines the fair value of core deposit intangibles, securities, premises and equipment, loans, other assets and liabilities, deposits and borrowings with the assistance of third-party valuations, appraisals, and third-party advisors. The estimated fair values were subject to refinement for up to one year after the consummation as additional information becomes available relative to the closing date fair values.

29

Table of Contents

SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

The following tables present certain selected historical consolidated financial data as of the dates or for the period indicated:

At or for the Three Months Ended

At or for the Nine Months Ended

(In thousands, except per share data)

    

9/30/2024

    

6/30/2024

    

3/31/2024

    

12/31/2023

    

9/30/2023

    

9/30/2024

    

9/30/2023

Results of Operations:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Interest income

$

54,032

$

49,347

$

49,272

$

48,663

$

46,989

$

152,651

$

133,820

Interest expense

 

18,149

 

16,340

 

15,923

 

15,747

 

12,931

 

50,412

 

33,256

Net interest income

 

35,883

 

33,007

 

33,349

 

32,916

 

34,058

 

102,239

 

100,564

Provision for credit losses

 

 

 

200

 

500

 

 

200

 

4,182

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

35,883

 

33,007

 

33,149

 

32,416

 

34,058

 

102,039

 

96,382

Noninterest income

 

4,893

 

5,877

 

4,397

 

42,458

 

5,254

 

15,167

 

15,657

Noninterest expense

 

20,100

 

19,057

 

20,324

 

28,862

 

19,647

 

59,481

 

59,257

Income before income tax expense

 

20,676

 

19,827

 

17,222

 

46,012

 

19,665

 

57,725

 

52,782

Income tax expense

 

4,124

 

3,768

 

1,810

 

11,114

 

4,861

 

9,702

 

13,166

Net income

$

16,552

$

16,059

$

15,412

$

34,898

$

14,804

$

48,023

$

39,616

Earnings per common share - basic

$

1.65

$

1.59

$

1.51

$

3.39

$

1.43

$

4.75

$

3.89

Earnings per common share - diluted

 

1.65

 

1.59

 

1.51

 

3.39

 

1.43

 

4.75

 

3.89

Common Shares:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic weighted average

 

9,959,556

 

10,025,977

 

10,177,932

 

10,308,275

 

10,330,779

 

10,053,676

 

10,127,708

Diluted weighted average

 

9,980,544

 

10,039,862

 

10,201,373

 

10,338,715

 

10,353,621

 

10,075,890

 

10,150,990

Outstanding

 

10,011,428

 

10,031,350

 

10,129,190

 

10,365,131

 

10,379,071

 

10,011,428

 

10,379,071

Noninterest income / noninterest expense:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Service charges

$

2,189

$

2,101

$

1,634

$

1,847

$

1,821

$

5,924

$

5,186

Income from Ansay

 

1,062

 

1,379

 

979

 

110

 

791

 

3,420

 

2,812

Income from UFS

 

 

 

 

(179)

 

784

 

 

2,444

Loan servicing income

 

733

 

735

 

726

 

741

 

734

 

2,194

 

2,119

Valuation adjustment on mortgage servicing rights

(344)

339

(312)

(65)

229

(317)

460

Net gain on sales of mortgage loans

 

377

 

277

 

219

 

273

 

248

 

873

 

624

Gain on sale of UFS

38,904

Other noninterest income

 

876

 

1,046

 

1,151

 

827

 

647

 

3,073

 

2,012

Total noninterest income

$

4,893

$

5,877

$

4,397

$

42,458

$

5,254

$

15,167

$

15,657

Personnel expense

$

10,118

$

10,004

$

10,893

$

10,357

$

10,216

$

31,015

$

29,998

Occupancy, equipment and office

 

1,598

 

1,330

 

1,584

 

1,307

 

1,455

 

4,512

 

4,363

Data processing

 

2,502

 

2,114

 

2,389

 

1,900

 

2,153

 

7,005

 

6,111

Postage, stationery and supplies

 

213

 

205

 

238

 

236

 

244

 

656

 

848

Net gain (loss) on sales and valuations of other real estate owned

 

 

(461)

 

(47)

 

1,591

 

53

 

(508)

 

542

Net loss on sales of securities

 

 

 

34

 

7,826

 

 

34

 

75

Advertising

 

61

 

79

 

95

 

99

 

60

 

235

 

226

Charitable contributions

 

183

 

234

 

176

 

264

 

229

 

593

 

680

Outside service fees

 

1,598

 

1,889

 

1,293

 

1,363

 

1,438

 

4,780

 

4,987

Amortization of intangibles

 

1,429

 

1,475

 

1,500

 

1,604

 

1,626

 

4,404

 

4,720

Other noninterest expense

 

2,398

 

2,188

 

2,169

 

2,315

 

2,173

 

6,755

 

6,707

Total noninterest expense

$

20,100

$

19,057

$

20,324

$

28,862

$

19,647

$

59,481

$

59,257

Period-end balances:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

$

204,427

$

98,950

$

83,374

$

247,468

$

75,776

$

204,427

$

75,776

Investment securities available-for-sale, at fair value

 

128,438

 

127,977

 

138,420

 

142,197

 

179,046

 

128,438

 

179,046

Investment securities held-to-maturity, at cost

 

109,236

 

110,648

 

111,732

 

103,324

 

77,154

 

109,236

 

77,154

Loans

3,470,920

3,428,635

3,383,395

3,342,974

3,355,549

3,470,920

3,355,549

Allowance for credit losses - loans

 

(45,212)

 

(45,118)

 

(44,378)

 

(43,609)

 

(43,404)

 

(45,212)

 

(43,404)

Premises and equipment

69,710

68,633

69,621

69,891

70,994

69,710

70,994

Goodwill and other intangibles, net

 

197,698

 

199,127

 

200,602

 

202,102

 

203,705

 

197,698

 

203,705

Mortgage Servicing Rights

13,351

13,694

13,356

13,668

13,733

13,351

13,733

Other Assets

145,930

143,274

143,802

143,827

154,966

145,930

154,966

Total assets

 

4,294,498

 

4,145,820

 

4,099,924

 

4,221,842

 

4,087,519

 

4,294,498

 

4,087,519

Deposits

 

3,484,741

 

3,399,941

 

3,416,039

 

3,432,920

 

3,398,293

 

3,484,741

 

3,398,293

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

75,747

17,191

17,191

Borrowings

147,346

102,321

47,295

51,394

70,319

147,346

70,319

Other liabilities

33,516

28,979

27,260

41,983

24,387

33,516

24,387

Total liabilities

3,665,603

3,531,241

3,490,594

3,602,044

3,510,190

3,665,603

3,510,190

Stockholders’ equity

 

628,895

 

614,579

 

609,330

 

619,798

 

577,329

 

628,895

 

577,329

Book value per common share

 

62.82

 

61.27

 

60.16

 

59.80

 

55.62

 

62.82

 

55.62

Tangible book value per common share (1)

 

43.07

 

41.42

 

40.35

 

40.30

 

36.00

 

43.07

 

36.00

30

Table of Contents

Average balances:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans

$

3,450,423

$

3,399,906

$

3,355,142

$

3,330,511

$

3,324,729

$

3,402,001

$

3,258,199

Interest-earning assets

 

3,833,968

 

3,696,099

 

3,741,498

 

3,738,589

 

3,671,620

 

3,757,468

 

3,627,015

Total assets

 

4,231,112

 

4,094,542

 

4,144,896

 

4,147,859

 

4,092,565

 

4,157,121

 

4,032,308

Deposits

 

3,435,172

 

3,401,828

 

3,446,145

 

3,406,028

 

3,404,708

 

3,427,741

 

3,367,647

Interest-bearing liabilities

 

2,583,382

 

2,466,726

 

2,512,304

 

2,426,870

 

2,411,062

 

2,521,031

 

2,394,630

Goodwill and other intangibles, net

 

198,493

 

199,959

 

201,408

 

202,933

 

204,556

 

199,948

 

190,470

Stockholders’ equity

 

620,821

 

610,818

 

613,190

 

613,244

 

576,315

 

614,965

 

554,892

Financial ratios (2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

Return on average assets

 

1.56

%  

 

1.58

%  

 

1.50

%  

 

3.34

%  

 

1.44

%  

 

1.54

%  

 

1.31

%  

Return on average common equity

 

10.61

%  

 

10.57

%  

 

10.11

%  

 

22.58

%  

 

10.19

%  

 

10.43

%  

 

9.55

%  

Average equity to average assets

 

14.67

%  

 

14.92

%  

 

14.79

%  

 

14.78

%  

 

14.08

%  

 

14.79

%  

 

13.76

%  

Stockholders’ equity to assets

 

14.64

%  

 

14.82

%  

 

14.86

%  

 

14.68

%  

 

14.12

%  

 

14.64

%  

 

14.12

%  

Tangible equity to tangible assets (1)

 

10.53

%  

 

10.53

%  

 

10.48

%  

 

10.39

%  

 

9.62

%  

 

10.53

%  

 

9.62

%  

Loan yield

 

5.73

%  

 

5.51

%  

 

5.41

%  

 

5.33

%  

 

5.23

%  

 

5.55

%  

 

5.13

%  

Earning asset yield

 

5.64

%  

 

5.40

%  

 

5.33

%  

 

5.20

%  

 

5.11

%  

 

5.46

%  

 

4.97

%  

Cost of funds

 

2.79

%  

 

2.66

%  

 

2.55

%  

 

2.57

%  

 

2.13

%  

 

2.67

%  

 

1.86

%  

Net interest margin, taxable equivalent

 

3.76

%  

 

3.63

%  

 

3.62

%  

 

3.53

%  

 

3.71

%  

 

3.67

%  

 

3.74

%  

Net loan charge-offs to average loans

 

0.04

%  

 

(0.05)

%  

 

(0.07)

%  

 

%  

 

%  

 

(0.03)

%  

 

(0.01)

%  

Nonperforming loans to total loans

 

0.32

%  

 

0.31

%  

 

0.29

%  

 

0.20

%  

 

0.10

%  

 

0.32

%  

 

0.10

%  

Nonperforming assets to total assets

 

0.28

%  

 

0.27

%  

 

0.31

%  

 

0.21

%  

 

0.13

%  

 

0.28

%  

 

0.13

%  

Allowance for credit losses - loans to total loans

 

1.30

%  

 

1.32

%  

 

1.31

%  

 

1.30

%  

 

1.29

%  

 

1.30

%  

 

1.29

%  

(1)These measures are not measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, and are therefore considered to be non-GAAP financial measures. See “GAAP reconciliation and management explanation of non-GAAP financial measures” for a reconciliation of these measures to their most comparable GAAP measures.
(2)Income statement-related ratios for partial year periods are annualized.

GAAP RECONCILIATION AND MANAGEMENT EXPLANATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

We identify certain financial measures discussed in the Report as being “non-GAAP financial measures.” The non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Report are tangible book value per common share and tangible equity to tangible assets.

In accordance with the SEC’s rules, we classify a financial measure as being a non-GAAP financial measure if that financial measure excludes or includes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of excluding or including amounts, that are included or excluded, as the case may be, in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP as in effect from time to time in the United States in our statements of income, balance sheets or statements of cash flows.

The non-GAAP financial measures that we discuss in this Report should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the most directly comparable or other financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, the manner in which we calculate the non-GAAP financial measures that we discuss in our selected historical consolidated financial data may differ from that of other companies reporting measures with similar names. You should understand how such other banking organizations calculate their financial measures similar or with names similar to the non-GAAP financial measures we have presented in our selected historical consolidated financial data when comparing such non-GAAP financial measures. The following discussion and reconciliations provide a more detailed analysis of these non-GAAP financial measures.

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Table of Contents

Tangible book value per common share and tangible equity to tangible assets are non-GAAP measures that exclude the impact of goodwill and other intangibles used by the Company’s management to evaluate capital adequacy. Because intangible assets such as goodwill and other intangibles vary extensively from company to company, we believe that the presentation of this information allows investors to more easily compare the Company’s capital position to other companies. The most directly comparable financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP are book value per common share, return on average common equity and stockholders’ equity to total assets.

At or for the Three Months Ended

At or for the Nine Months Ended

 

(In thousands, except per share data)

    

9/30/2024

    

6/30/2024

    

3/31/2024

    

12/31/2023

    

9/30/2023

    

9/30/2024

    

9/30/2023

 

Tangible Assets

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Total assets

$

4,294,498

$

4,145,820

$

4,099,924

$

4,221,842

$

4,087,519

$

4,294,498

$

4,087,519

Adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

Core deposit intangible, net of amortization

 

(22,592)

 

(24,021)

 

(25,496)

 

(26,996)

 

(28,599)

 

(22,592)

 

(28,599)

Tangible assets

$

4,096,800

$

3,946,693

$

3,899,322

$

4,019,740

$

3,883,814

$

4,096,800

$

3,883,814

Tangible Common Equity

 

 

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

$

628,895

$

614,579

$

609,330

$

619,798

$

577,329

$

628,895

$

577,329

Adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

 

(175,106)

Core deposit intangible, net of amortization

 

(22,592)

 

(24,021)

 

(25,496)

 

(26,996)

 

(28,599)

 

(22,592)

 

(28,599)

Tangible common equity

$

431,197

$

415,452

$

408,728

$

417,696

$

373,624

$

431,197

$

373,624

Book value per common share

$

62.82

$

61.27

$

60.16

$

59.80

$

55.62

$

62.82

$

55.62

Tangible book value per common share

 

43.07

 

41.42

 

40.35

 

40.30

 

36.00

 

43.07

 

36.00

Total stockholders’ equity to total assets

 

14.64

%

 

14.82

%

 

14.86

%

 

14.68

%

 

14.12

%  

 

14.64

%  

 

14.12

%

Tangible common equity to tangible assets

 

10.53

%

 

10.53

%

 

10.48

%

 

10.39

%

 

9.62

%  

 

10.53

%  

 

9.62

%

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023

General. Net income increased $1.8 million to $16.6 million for three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $14.8 million for the same period in 2023. This increase is primarily driven by the repricing of new and renewed loans in a higher rate environment, along with steady growth in interest-bearing assets. In addition, due to tax legislation in the Company’s home state, the effective tax rate decreased from 24.7% for the third quarter of 2023 to 19.9% for the third quarter of 2024.

Net Interest Income. The management of interest income and expense is fundamental to our financial performance. Net interest income, the difference between interest income and interest expense, is the largest component of the Company’s total revenue. Management closely monitors both total net interest income and the net interest margin (net interest income divided by average earning assets). We seek to maximize net interest income without exposing the Company to an excessive level of interest rate risk through our asset and liability policies. Interest rate risk is managed by monitoring the pricing, maturity and repricing options of all classes of interest-bearing assets and liabilities. Our net interest margin can also be adversely impacted by the reversal of interest on nonaccrual loans and the reinvestment of loan payoffs into lower yielding investment securities and other short-term investments.

Net interest and dividend income increased by $1.8 million to $35.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $34.1 million for three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in net interest income was primarily due to repricing of new and renewed loans in a higher interest rate environment, as well as steady growth in interest-bearing assets. Total average interest-earning assets were $3.83 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2024, up from $3.67 billion for the same period in 2023. Net interest margin and net interest income are influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors include balance sheet changes on both volume and mix and pricing decisions, and external factors include changes in market interest rates, competition and the shape of the interest rate yield curve.

Interest Income. Total interest income increased $7.0 million, or 15.0%, to $54.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $47.0 million for the same period in 2023. The increase in total interest income was primarily due to an increase in the average interest rate earned on interest-earning assets. The average balance of interest-earning assets increased by $162.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 and the average interest rate earned on these assets increased by 0.53% in the year-over-year third quarters. Further, a previously purchased loan with remaining

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Table of Contents

associated purchase accounting adjustments of $0.6 million was fully repaid before maturity during the third quarter of 2024, leading to an elevated impact of purchase accounting during the quarter.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $5.2 million, or 40.4%, to $18.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $12.9 million for the same period in 2023. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to higher crediting interest rates on interest-bearing liabilities.

Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits increased by $4.9 million to $16.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $11.6 million for the same period in 2023. The average balance and rate of interest-bearing deposits was $2.44 billion and 2.69% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $2.32 billion and 1.99% for the same period in 2023.

Provision for Credit Losses. Credit risk is inherent in the business of making loans. We establish an allowance for credit losses through charges to earnings, which are shown in the statements of operations as the provision for credit losses. The provision for credit losses and level of allowance for each period are dependent upon many factors, including loan growth, net charge-offs, changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, delinquencies, management’s assessment of the quality of the loan portfolio, the valuation of problem loans and the general economic conditions in our market area. The determination of the amount is complex and involves a high degree of judgment and subjectivity.

We did not record a provision for credit loss during the three months ended September 30, 2024 or 2023. Economic forecasts, primarily US gross domestic product and unemployment projections, were little changed during the third quarter of 2024 resulting in consistent economic and qualitative factors in the Current Expected Credit Losses (“CECL”) methodology. We recorded net charge offs of $0.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to net recoveries of $0.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023. Other than a $0.3 million charge-off during the third quarter of 2024, related to a single customer relationship, the Bank’s loan portfolio continues to exhibit very little credit stress. Due to a reduction in unfunded loan commitments and an increase in outstanding loans, the Bank moved $0.4 million from its ACL-Unfunded Commitments to its ACL – Loans during the third quarter of 2024. While this move had no impact on the Bank’s profitability for the quarter, it did increase the allowance for potential loan credit losses to correspond with the increase in overall loan portfolio balances. The ACL - Loans was $45.2 million, or 1.30% of total loans, at September 30, 2024 compared to $43.4 million, or 1.29% of total loans at September 30, 2023.

Noninterest Income. Noninterest income is an important component of our total revenues. A significant portion of our noninterest income has historically been associated with service charges and income from the Bank’s unconsolidated subsidiaries, Ansay and UFS. Other sources of noninterest income include loan servicing fees and gains on sales of mortgage loans.

Noninterest income decreased $0.4 million to $4.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $5.3 million for the same period in 2023. Service charges increased by 20.0% from the prior-year third quarter primarily due to prepayment and referral fees on loans. Net gains on the sales of mortgage loans increased by 52.0% from the third quarter of 2023 to the third quarter of 2024, attributed to a rise in secondary market loan origination activity resulting from declining interest rates. Due to the sale of 100% of the Bank’s member interest in UFS on October 1, 2023, no income from UFS was recorded in the third quarter of 2024, compared to income of $0.8 million during the third quarter of 2023. Negative valuation adjustments to the Bank’s MSRs totaling $0.3 million during the third quarter of 2024 compared unfavorably to $0.2 million in positive valuation adjustments during the third quarter of 2023.

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Table of Contents

The major components of our noninterest income are listed below:

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 

 

    

2024

    

2023

    

$ Change

    

% Change

    

 

(In thousands)

 

Noninterest Income

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

Service charges

$

2,189

$

1,821

$

368

20

%

Income from Ansay

1,062

791

271

34

%

Income from UFS

 

 

784

 

(784)

 

(100)

%

Loan servicing income

 

733

 

734

 

(1)

 

(0)

%

Valuation adjustment on MSR

(344)

229

(573)

NM

%

Net gain on sales of mortgage loans

 

377

 

248

 

129

 

52

%

Other

 

876

 

647

 

229

 

35

%

Total noninterest income

$

4,893

$

5,254

$

(361)

(7)

%

Noninterest Expense. Noninterest expense increased $0.5 million to $20.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $19.6 million for the same period in 2023. Most noninterest expenses have remained well-controlled over the past five quarters. However, occupancy, equipment, and office expenses increased this quarter, primarily due to $0.2 million in losses from disposing of outdated equipment. Additionally, data processing expenses included $0.4 million in project-related costs tied to the Bank's ongoing upgrade of its online customer platform.

The major components of our noninterest expense are listed below:

Three Months Ended September 30, 

 

    

2024

    

2023

    

$ Change

    

% Change

 

 

(In thousands)

Noninterest Expense

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Salaries, commissions, and employee benefits

$

10,118

$

10,216

$

(98)

 

(1)

%

Occupancy

 

1,598

 

1,455

 

143

 

10

%

Data processing

 

2,502

 

2,153

 

349

 

16

%

Postage, stationary, and supplies

 

213

 

244

 

(31)

 

(13)

%

Net loss on sales and valuations of other real estate owned

53

(53)

(100)

%

Advertising

 

61

 

60

 

1

 

2

%

Charitable contributions

 

183

 

229

 

(46)

 

(20)

%

Outside service fees

 

1,598

 

1,438

 

160

 

11

%

Amortization of intangibles

 

1,429

 

1,626

 

(197)

 

(12)

%

Other

 

2,398

 

2,173

 

225

 

10

%

Total noninterest expenses

$

20,100

$

19,647

$

453

 

2

%

Income Tax Expense. We recorded a provision for income taxes of $4.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to a provision of $4.9 million for the same period during 2023, reflecting effective tax rates of 19.9% and 24.7%, respectively. As previously noted, the Company’s home state passed tax legislation during the third quarter of 2023 which exempted income from a significant portion of the Company’s loans from taxation in Wisconsin. This change allowed the Company to reverse $2.4 million in state related income tax expense which had been recorded during the first two quarters of 2023. As a result of the lower anticipated future effective tax rate, the Company determined that a $2.9 million allowance was required to be made against its deferred tax asset. The net impact of these two items was an increase in income tax expenses of $0.5 million during the third quarter of 2023.

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Table of Contents

Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023

General. Net income increased $8.4 million to $48.0 million for nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $39.6 million for the same period in 2023. This increase was partially due to the added scale of operations resulting from the Hometown acquisition during the first quarter of 2023. Further, average rates on interest-earning assets have consistently risen, while the rise in rates paid on deposit accounts has started to decelerate. The first nine months of 2023 was also negatively impacted by $1.8 million in acquisition expenses and a $3.6 million provision for credit losses related to the acquired loans from Hometown. The absence of income from UFS during the first nine months of 2024 compared to $2.4 million in income provided by UFS during the first nine months of 2023.

Net Interest Income. Net interest and dividend income increased by $1.6 million to $102.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $100.6 million for nine months ended September 30, 2023. As discussed earlier, the rise in net interest income was mainly driven by the repricing of new and renewed loans in a higher interest rate environment and overall growth in interest-earning assets. Comparing the first nine months of 2024 to the first nine months of 2023, rates earned on interest-earning assets increased by 0.49% while rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities increased by 0.81%. Tax equivalent net interest margin decreased 0.07% to 3.67% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, down from 3.74% for the same period in 2023. Net interest margin and net interest income are influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors include balance sheet changes on both volume and mix and pricing decisions, and external factors include changes in market interest rates, competition and the shape of the interest rate yield curve.

Interest Income. Total interest income increased $18.9 million, or 14.1%, to $152.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $133.8 million for the same period in 2023. The increase in total interest income was primarily due to the aforementioned increase in rates earned on interest-earning assets over recent quarters. The average balance of interest-earning assets increased by $130.5 million during the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 and the average interest rate earned on these assets increased from 4.97% for the first three quarters of 2023 to 5.46% during the first three quarters of 2024.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $17.1 million, or 51.6%, to $50.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $33.3 million for the same period in 2023. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to elevated crediting rates on interest-bearing liabilities. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased by $126.4 million during the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 and the average interest rate paid on these balances was 1.86% for the first three quarters of 2023 compared to 2.67% for the first three quarters of 2024.

Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits totaled $47.7 million and $29.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The average cost of interest-bearing deposits was 2.61% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 1.70% for the same period in 2023.

Provision for Credit Losses. We recorded a provision for credit losses of $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $4.2 million for the same period in 2023. The increased provision for the first nine months of 2023 was primarily related to loans acquired from Hometown. We recorded net recoveries of $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to net recoveries of $0.1 million for the same period in 2023. Also, due to a reduction in unfunded loan commitments and an increase in outstanding loans, the Bank moved $0.9 million from its ACL-Unfunded Commitments to its ACL – Loans during the first nine months of 2024. The ACL was $45.2 million, or 1.30% of total loans, at September 30, 2024 compared to $43.4 million, or 1.29% of total loans at September 30, 2023.

Noninterest Income. Noninterest income is an important component of our total revenues. A significant portion of our noninterest income has historically been associated with service charges and income from the Bank’s unconsolidated subsidiaries, Ansay and UFS. Other sources of noninterest income include loan servicing fees and gains on sales of mortgage loans.

Noninterest income decreased $0.5 million to $15.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $15.7 million for the same period in 2023. Service charges and income provided by the Bank’s member interest in Ansay increased $0.7 million and $0.6 million, respectively, for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. Offsetting these increases, the sale of 100% of the Bank’s member interest in UFS on October 1, 2023, lead to no income from UFS being recorded in the first three quarters of 2024, compared to income of $2.4 million during the first three quarters of 2023. Negative valuation

35

Table of Contents

adjustments to the Bank’s MSR totaling $0.3 million during the first nine months of 2024 also compared unfavorably to $0.5 million in positive valuation adjustments during the first nine months of 2023.

The major components of our noninterest income are listed below:

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

 

    

2024

    

2023

    

$ Change

    

% Change

 

 

(In thousands)

Noninterest Income

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Service Charges

$

5,924

$

5,186

$

738

 

14

%

Income from Ansay

 

3,420

 

2,812

 

608

 

22

%

Income from UFS

 

 

2,444

 

(2,444)

 

(100)

%

Loan Servicing income

 

2,194

 

2,119

 

75

 

4

%

Valuation adjustment on MSR

(317)

460

(777)

 

NM

%

Net gain on sales of mortgage loans

 

873

 

624

 

249

 

40

%

Other

 

3,073

 

2,012

 

1,061

 

53

%

Total noninterest income

$

15,167

$

15,657

$

(490)

 

(3)

%

Noninterest Expense. Noninterest expense increased $0.2 million to $59.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $59.3 million for the same period in 2023. Data processing expense increased by $0.9 million, or 14.6%, over the first three quarters of 2024 compared to the first three quarters of 2023 due to the aforementioned project-related costs for upgrading the Bank’s online customer platform and the increased scale from the acquisition of Hometown, completed in February of 2023. Expenses related to this acquisition totaled $1.8 million during the first nine months of 2023. The lack of a similar acquisition during the first three quarters of 2024 caused decreases in the areas of postage, stationary, supplies and outside service fees expense period-over-period. Finally, gains on sales and valuations of OREO totaling $0.5 million during the first three quarters of 2024 compared favorably to losses of $0.5 million during the first three quarters of 2023.

The major components of our noninterest expense are listed below:

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

 

    

2024

    

2023

    

$ Change

    

% Change

 

(In thousands)

Noninterest Expense

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Salaries, commissions, and employee benefits

$

31,015

$

29,998

$

1,017

 

3

%

Occupancy

 

4,512

 

4,363

 

149

 

3

%

Data processing

 

7,005

 

6,111

 

894

 

15

%

Postage, stationary, and supplies

 

656

 

848

 

(192)

 

(23)

%

Net loss (gain) on sales and valuations of other real estate owned

(508)

542

(1,050)

NM

%

Net loss on sales of securities

 

34

 

75

 

(41)

 

(55)

%

Advertising

 

235

 

226

 

9

 

4

%

Charitable contributions

 

593

 

680

 

(87)

 

(13)

%

Outside service fees

 

4,780

 

4,987

 

(207)

 

(4)

%

Amortization of intangibles

 

4,404

 

4,720

 

(316)

 

(7)

%

Other

 

6,755

 

6,707

 

48

 

1

%

Total noninterest expenses

$

59,481

$

59,257

$

224

 

0

%

Income Tax Expense. We recorded a provision for income taxes of $9.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to a provision of $13.2 million for the same period during 2023, reflecting effective tax rates of 16.8% and 24.9%, respectively. As previously noted, the Company’s home state passed tax legislation during the third quarter of 2023 which exempted income from a significant portion of the Company’s loans from taxation in Wisconsin. As a result of the lower anticipated future effective tax rate, the Company determined that a $2.9 million allowance was required to be made against its deferred tax asset during the third quarter of 2023. . Final rules relating to qualifying loans under this legislation were not published until the first quarter of 2024. Based on these final rules, the Company was able to further reduce its estimated tax liability from 2023 by $1.3 million, resulting in the lower provision for income taxes and effective tax rate during the first nine months of 2024. The effective tax rates were reduced from the statutory federal and state income tax rates during both periods as a result of tax-exempt interest income produced by certain qualifying loans and investments in the Bank’s portfolios.

36

Table of Contents

NET INTEREST MARGIN

Net interest income represents the difference between interest earned, primarily on loans and investments, and interest paid on funding sources, primarily deposits and borrowings. Interest rate spread is the difference between the average rate earned on total interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on total interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is the amount of net interest income, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average rate earned on earning assets is the amount of annualized taxable-equivalent interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets. The average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities is equal to annualized interest expense as a percentage of average interest-bearing liabilities.

The following tables set forth the distribution of our average assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity, and average rates earned or paid on a fully taxable equivalent basis for each of the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended

 

September 30, 2024

September 30, 2023

 

    

    

Interest 

    

    

    

Interest 

    

 

Average 

Income/

Rate Earned/ Paid 

Average 

Income/ 

Rate Earned/ Paid

 

Balance

 Expenses (1)

 (1)

Balance

Expenses (1)

 (1)

 

(dollars in thousands)

 

ASSETS

Interest-earning assets

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Loans (2)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Taxable

$

3,340,597

$

192,615

 

5.77

%  

$

3,219,654

$

169,083

 

5.25

%

Tax-exempt

 

109,826

 

5,161

 

4.70

%  

 

105,075

 

4,691

 

4.46

%

Securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxable (available for sale)

 

117,064

 

6,375

 

5.45

%  

 

176,363

 

6,933

 

3.93

%

Tax-exempt (available for sale)

 

32,911

 

1,116

 

3.39

%  

 

33,629

 

1,111

 

3.30

%

Taxable (held to maturity)

 

106,490

 

4,211

 

3.95

%  

 

73,007

 

2,595

 

3.55

%

Tax-exempt (held to maturity)

 

3,196

 

84

 

2.63

%  

 

4,152

 

109

 

2.63

%

Cash and due from banks

 

123,884

 

6,728

 

5.43

%  

 

59,740

 

3,140

 

5.26

%

Total interest-earning assets

 

3,833,968

 

216,290

 

5.64

%  

 

3,671,620

 

187,662

 

5.11

%

Non interest-earning assets

 

442,248

 

  

 

  

 

464,357

 

  

 

  

Allowance for credit losses - loans

 

(45,104)

 

  

 

  

 

(43,412)

 

  

 

  

Total assets

$

4,231,112

 

  

 

  

$

4,092,565

 

  

 

  

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Interest-bearing deposits

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Checking accounts

$

382,388

$

10,680

 

2.79

%  

$

294,961

$

5,762

 

1.95

%

Savings accounts

 

820,631

 

12,656

 

1.54

%  

 

838,980

 

10,753

 

1.28

%

Money market accounts

 

601,409

 

14,997

 

2.49

%  

 

661,274

 

13,582

 

2.05

%

Certificates of deposit

 

625,573

 

26,890

 

4.30

%  

 

525,609

 

16,075

 

3.06

%

Brokered deposits

 

8,918

 

357

 

4.00

%  

 

874

 

20

 

2.29

%

Total interest-bearing deposits

 

2,438,919

 

65,580

 

2.69

%  

 

2,321,698

 

46,192

 

1.99

%

Other borrowed funds

 

144,463

 

6,622

 

4.58

%  

 

89,364

 

5,108

 

5.72

%

Total interest-bearing liabilities

 

2,583,382

 

72,202

 

2.79

%  

 

2,411,062

 

51,300

 

2.13

%

Non-interest bearing liabilities

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

  

Demand deposits

 

996,253

 

 

  

 

1,083,010

 

 

  

Other liabilities

 

30,656

 

 

  

 

22,178

 

 

  

Total liabilities

 

3,610,291

 

 

  

 

3,516,250

 

 

  

Shareholders’ equity

 

620,821

 

 

  

 

576,315

 

 

  

Total liabilities & shareholders’ equity

$

4,231,112

 

 

  

$

4,092,565

 

 

  

Net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis

 

  

 

144,088

 

  

 

  

 

136,362

 

  

Less taxable equivalent adjustment

 

  

 

(1,336)

 

  

 

  

 

(1,241)

 

  

Net interest income

 

  

$

142,752

 

  

 

  

$

135,121

 

  

Net interest spread (3)

 

  

 

 

2.85

%  

 

  

 

  

 

2.98

%

Net interest margin (4)

 

  

 

  

 

3.76

%  

 

  

 

  

 

3.71

%

(1).Annualized on a fully taxable equivalent basis calculated using a federal tax rate of 21% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
(2).Nonaccrual loans are included in average amounts outstanding.
(3).Interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities.
(4).Net interest margin represents net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.

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Table of Contents

Nine Months Ended

 

September 30, 2024

September 30, 2023

 

Interest

Rate

Interest

Rate

 

Average

Income/

Earned/

Average

Income/

Earned/

 

    

Balance

    

Expenses (1)

    

Paid (1)

    

Balance

    

Expenses (1)

    

Paid (1)

 

(dollars in thousands)

 

ASSETS

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Interest-earning assets

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Loans (2)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Taxable

$

3,293,762

$

183,971

 

5.59

%  

$

3,155,397

$

162,543

 

5.15

%

Tax-exempt

 

108,239

 

4,970

 

4.59

%  

 

102,802

 

4,629

 

4.50

%

Securities

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

Taxable (available for sale)

 

134,281

 

6,221

 

4.63

%  

 

199,164

 

6,234

 

3.13

%

Tax-exempt (available for sale)

 

33,242

 

1,132

 

3.41

%  

 

38,310

 

1,218

 

3.18

%

Taxable (held to maturity)

 

106,957

 

4,248

 

3.97

%  

 

66,895

 

2,407

 

3.60

%

Tax-exempt (held to maturity)

 

3,515

 

92

 

2.62

%  

 

4,518

 

117

 

2.59

%

Cash and due from banks

 

77,472

 

4,573

 

5.90

%  

 

59,929

 

3,021

 

5.04

%

Total interest-earning assets

 

3,757,468

 

205,207

 

5.46

%  

 

3,627,015

 

180,169

 

4.97

%

Non interest-earning assets

 

444,055

 

  

 

  

 

446,437

 

 

  

Allowance for loan losses

 

(44,402)

 

  

 

  

 

(41,144)

 

 

  

Total assets

$

4,157,121

 

  

 

  

$

4,032,308

 

  

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Interest-bearing deposits

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Checking accounts

$

401,363

$

11,337

 

2.82

%  

$

294,753

$

5,145

 

1.75

%

Savings accounts

 

816,202

 

12,253

 

1.50

%  

 

839,459

 

9,372

 

1.12

%

Money market accounts

 

611,257

 

14,783

 

2.42

%  

 

664,758

 

11,883

 

1.79

%

Certificates of deposit

 

606,988

 

25,174

 

4.15

%  

 

491,544

 

12,495

 

2.54

%

Brokered deposits

 

3,491

 

131

 

3.75

%  

 

4,005

 

115

 

2.87

%

Total interest-bearing deposits

 

2,439,301

 

63,678

 

2.61

%  

 

2,294,519

 

39,010

 

1.70

%

Other borrowed funds

 

81,730

 

3,662

 

4.48

%  

 

100,111

 

5,453

 

5.45

%

Total interest-bearing liabilities

 

2,521,031

 

67,340

 

2.67

%  

 

2,394,630

 

44,463

 

1.86

%

Non-interest bearing liabilities

 

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Demand deposits

 

988,440

 

 

  

 

1,058,668

 

 

  

Other liabilities

 

32,685

 

 

  

 

24,118

 

 

  

Total liabilities

 

3,542,156

 

 

  

 

3,477,416

 

 

  

Shareholders’ equity

 

614,965

 

 

  

 

554,892

 

 

  

Total liabilities & shareholders' equity

$

4,157,121

 

 

  

$

4,032,308

 

  

Net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis

 

  

 

137,867

 

  

 

 

135,706

 

  

Less taxable equivalent adjustment

 

  

 

(1,301)

 

  

 

 

(1,252)

 

  

Net interest income

  

$

136,566

 

  

 

$

134,454

 

  

Net interest spread (3)

 

  

 

 

2.79

%  

 

  

 

  

 

3.11

%  

Net interest margin (4)

 

  

 

  

 

3.67

%  

 

  

 

  

 

3.74

%  

(1).Annualized on a fully taxable equivalent basis calculated using a federal tax rate of 21% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
(2).Nonaccrual loans are included in average amounts outstanding.
(3).Interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities.
(4).Net interest margin represents net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.

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Table of Contents

Rate/Volume Analysis

The following tables describe the extent to which changes in interest rates and changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities have affected our interest income and interest expense during the periods indicated. Information is provided in each category with respect to: (i) changes attributable to changes in volumes (changes in average balance multiplied by prior year average rate) and (ii) changes attributable to changes in rate (change in average interest rate multiplied by prior year average balance), while (iii) changes attributable to the combined impact of volumes and rates have been allocated proportionately to separate volume and rate categories.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Compared with

Compared with

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

Increase/(Decrease) Due to Change in

Increase/(Decrease) Due to Change in

    

Volume

    

Rate

    

Total

    

Volume

    

Rate

    

Total

 

(dollars in thousands)

 

(dollars in thousands)

Interest income

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Loans

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Taxable

$

6,524

$

17,008

$

23,532

$

7,333

$

14,095

$

21,428

Tax-exempt

 

217

 

253

 

470

 

248

 

93

 

341

Securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxable (AFS)

 

(2,750)

 

2,192

 

(558)

 

(2,425)

 

2,412

 

(13)

Tax-exempt (AFS)

 

(24)

 

29

 

5

 

(169)

 

83

 

(86)

Taxable (HTM)

 

1,298

 

318

 

1,616

 

1,569

 

272

 

1,841

Tax-exempt (HTM)

 

(25)

 

 

(25)

 

(26)

 

1

 

(25)

Cash and due from banks

 

3,480

 

108

 

3,588

 

980

 

572

 

1,552

Total interest income

 

8,720

 

19,908

 

28,628

 

7,510

 

17,528

 

25,038

Interest expense

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

Deposits

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

 

Checking accounts

$

2,007

$

2,911

$

4,918

$

2,286

$

3,906

$

6,192

Savings accounts

 

(240)

 

2,143

 

1,903

 

(266)

 

3,147

 

2,881

Money market accounts

 

(1,308)

 

2,723

 

1,415

 

(1,019)

 

3,919

 

2,900

Certificates of deposit

 

3,453

 

7,362

 

10,815

 

3,437

 

9,242

 

12,679

Brokered Deposits

 

312

 

25

 

337

 

(16)

 

32

 

16

Total interest bearing deposits

 

4,224

 

15,164

 

19,388

 

4,422

 

20,246

 

24,668

Other borrowed funds

 

2,677

 

(1,163)

 

1,514

 

(911)

 

(880)

 

(1,791)

Total interest expense

 

6,901

 

14,001

 

20,902

 

3,511

 

19,366

 

22,877

Change in net interest income

$

1,819

$

5,907

$

7,726

$

3,999

$

(1,838)

$

2,161

CHANGES IN FINANCIAL CONDITION

Total Assets. Total assets increased $72.6 million, or 1.7%, to $4.29 billion at September 30, 2024, from $4.22 billion at December 31, 2023.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $43.1 million to $204.4 million at September 30, 2024, from $247.5 million at December 31, 2023. This decline was primarily the result of funds being invested in growth in the Bank’s loan portfolio as well as a reduction in deposits and securities sold under repurchase agreements. Securities sold under repurchase agreements reported in prior periods related to one customer who discontinued this arrangement during the first quarter of 2024. These declines were partially offset by increases in notes payable through the first nine months of 2024.

Investment Securities. The carrying value of total investment securities decreased by $7.8 million to $237.7 million at September 30, 2024, from $245.5 million at December 31, 2023.

Loans. Net loans increased by $126.3 million, totaling $3.43 billion at September 30, 2024 compared to $3.30 billion at December 31, 2023.

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Table of Contents

Deposits. Deposits increased $51.8 million, or 1.5%, to $3.48 billion at September 30, 2024 from $3.43 billion at December 31, 2023.

Borrowings. At September 30, 2024, borrowings consisted of advances from the FHLB of Chicago and subordinated debt to other banks and an individual. FHLB borrowings increased $100.0 million, or 283.7%, to $135.3 million at September 30, 2024 from $35.3 million at December 31, 2023. These additional borrowings are intended to provide liquidity to support near-term loan growth. Subordinated debt remained stable at $12.0 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. A junior subordinated debenture totaling $4.1 million, which was part of the acquisition of Hometown, was repaid in full during the first quarter of 2024.

Stockholders’ Equity. Total stockholders’ equity increased $9.1 million, or 1.5%, to $628.9 million at September 30, 2024 from $619.8 million at December 31, 2023. Repurchases of the Company’s common stock totaling $31.7 million and dividends declared totaling $11.1 million offset the positive impact of earnings totaling $48.0 million during the first nine months of the year.

LOANS

Our lending activities are principally conducted in the state of Wisconsin. The Bank makes commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate loans, construction and development loans, residential real estate loans, and a variety of consumer loans and other loans. Much of the loans made by the Bank are secured by real estate collateral. The Bank’s commercial business loans are primarily made based on the cash flow of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower, with liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral typically being viewed as the primary source of repayment in the event of borrower default. Although commercial business loans are also often collateralized by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, or other business assets, the liquidation of collateral in the event of default is often an insufficient source of repayment. Repayment of the Bank’s residential loans are generally dependent on the health of the employment market in the borrowers’ geographic areas and that of the general economy with liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral being typically viewed as the primary source of repayment in the event of borrower default.

Our loan portfolio is our most significant earning asset, comprising 80.9% and 79.2% of our total assets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Our strategy is to grow our loan portfolio by originating quality commercial and consumer loans that comply with our credit policies and that produce revenues consistent with our financial objectives. We believe our loan portfolio is well-balanced, which provides us with the opportunity to grow while monitoring our loan concentrations.

Loans increased $127.9 million, or 3.8%, to $3.47 billion as of September 30, 2024 as compared to $3.34 billion as of December 31, 2023. This increase during the first nine months of 2024 was primarily driven by solid demand for new credit from our existing customer relationships. This growth was comprised of an increase of $29.9 million or 6.1% in commercial and industrial loans, an increase of $44.1 million or 4.9% in owner occupied commercial real estate loans, a decrease of $9.0 million or 1.9% in non-owner occupied commercial real estate, a decrease of $3.3 million or 1.0% in multi-family loans, an increase of $45.6 million or 22.7% in construction and development loans, an increase of $15.6 million or 1.8% in residential 1-4 family loans and an increase of $4.9 million or 7.5% in consumer and other loans.

The following table presents the balance and associated percentage of each major category in our loan portfolio:

September 30, 2024

December 31, 2023

September 30, 2023

 

    

Amount

    

% of Total

    

Amount

    

% of Total

    

Amount

    

% of Total

 

 

(dollars in thousands)

Commercial & industrial

 

$

517,816

15

%  

$

487,893

 

15

%  

$

531,368

 

16

%

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

  

Owner occupied

 

938,730

27

%  

 

894,596

 

27

%  

 

897,439

27

%

Non-owner occupied

 

463,323

13

%  

 

472,321

 

14

%  

 

446,837

13

%

Multi-family

 

329,458

10

%  

 

332,757

 

10

%  

 

338,345

10

%

Construction & development

 

246,445

7

%  

 

200,835

 

6

%  

 

197,095

6

%

Residential 1-4 family

 

904,273

26

%

 

888,639

 

27

%

 

879,033

26

%

Consumer

 

55,647

2

%

 

50,950

 

1

%

 

50,729

2

%

Other loans

 

15,226

%

 

14,983

 

%

 

14,702

%

Total Loans

$

3,470,918

100

%  

$

3,342,974

 

100

%  

$

3,355,548

100

%

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Table of Contents

Our directors and officers and their associates are customers of, and have other transactions with, the Bank in the normal course of business. All loans and commitments included in such transactions were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons and do not involve more than normal risk of collection or present other unfavorable features. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, total loans outstanding to such directors and officers and their associates were $79.8 million and $63.9 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, $17.7 million in additions due to director and officer updates, $41.9 million of additions and $43.7 million of repayments were made to these loans. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all of the loans to directors and officers were performing according to their original terms.

Loan categories

The principal categories of our loan portfolio are discussed below:

Commercial and Industrial (C&I). Our C&I portfolio totaled $517.8 million and $487.9 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and represented 15% of our total loans at both of those dates.

Our C&I loan customers represent various small and middle-market established businesses involved in professional services, accommodation and food services, health care, financial services, wholesale trade, manufacturing, distribution, retailing and non-profits. Most clients are privately owned with markets that range from local to national in scope. Many of the loans to this segment are secured by liens on corporate assets and the personal guarantees of the principals. The regional economic strength or weakness impacts the relative risks in this loan category. There is little concentration in any one business sector, and loan risks are generally diversified among many borrowers.

Commercial Real Estate (CRE). Our CRE loan portfolio totaled $1.73 billion and $1.70 billion at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and represented 50% of our total loans at both of those dates. The growth in our CRE loan portfolio through the first nine months of 2024 consisted primarily of owner occupied commercial real estate while non-owner occupied commercial real estate and multi-family real estate, typically perceived as containing a higher risk of credit losses, declined slightly. Management views owner occupied CRE as an extension of C&I lending as typically the primary repayment source on these loans is operating profits from the underlying business.

Our CRE loans are secured by a variety of property types including multi-family dwellings, retail facilities, office buildings, commercial mixed use, lodging and industrial and warehouse properties. We do not have any specific industry or customer concentrations in our CRE portfolio. Our commercial real estate loans are generally for terms up to ten years, with loan-to-values that generally do not exceed 80%. Amortization schedules are long term and thus a balloon payment is generally due at maturity. Under most circumstances, the Bank will offer to rewrite or otherwise extend the loan at prevailing interest rates.

Construction and Development (C&D). Our C&D loan portfolio totaled $246.4 million and $200.8 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and represented 7% and 6% of our total loans at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Our C&D loans are generally for the purpose of creating value out of real estate through construction and development work, and also include loans used to purchase recreational use land. Borrowers typically provide a copy of a construction or development contract which is subject to bank acceptance prior to loan approval. Disbursements are handled by a title company. Borrowers are required to inject their own equity into the project prior to any note proceeds being disbursed. These loans are, by their nature, intended to be short term and are refinanced into other loan types at the end of the construction and development period.

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Table of Contents

Residential 1 – 4 Family. Residential 1 – 4 family loans held in portfolio amounted to $904.3 million and $888.6 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and represented 26% and 27% of our total loans at those dates.

We offer fixed and adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans with maturities up to 30 years. One-to-four family residential mortgage loans are generally underwritten according to Fannie Mae guidelines, and we refer to loans that conform to such guidelines as “conforming loans.” We generally originate both fixed and adjustable-rate mortgage loans in amounts up to the maximum conforming loan limits as established by the Federal Housing Finance Agency, which is generally $726,200 for one-unit properties. In addition, we also offer loans above conforming lending limits typically referred to as “jumbo” loans. These loans are typically underwritten to the same guidelines as conforming loans; however, we may choose to hold a jumbo loan within its portfolio with underwriting criteria that does not exactly match conforming guidelines.

We do not offer reverse mortgages nor do we offer loans that provide for negative amortization of principal, such as “Option ARM” loans, where the borrower can pay less than the interest owed on his loan, resulting in an increased principal balance during the life of the loan. We also do not offer “subprime loans” (loans that are made with low down payments to borrowers with weakened credit histories typically characterized by payment delinquencies, previous charge-offs, judgments, bankruptcies, or borrowers with questionable repayment capacity as evidenced by low credit scores or high debt-burden ratios) or Alt-A loans (defined as loans having less than full documentation).

Residential real estate loans are originated both for sale to the secondary market as well as for retention in the Bank’s loan portfolio. The decision to sell a loan to the secondary market or retain within the portfolio is determined based on a variety of factors including but not limited to our asset/liability position, the current interest rate environment, and customer preference. Servicing rights are retained on all loans sold to the secondary market.

We were servicing mortgage loans sold to others without recourse of approximately $1.17 billion at September 30, 2024 and $1.18 billion at December 31, 2023.

Loans sold with the retention of servicing assets result in the capitalization of servicing rights. Loan servicing rights are carried at fair value. The net balance of capitalized servicing rights amounted to $13.4 million and $13.7 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Consumer Loans. Our consumer loan portfolio totaled $55.6 million and $51.0 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and represented 2% of our total loans at those dates. Consumer loans include secured and unsecured loans, lines of credit and personal installment loans.

Consumer loans generally have greater risk compared to longer-term loans secured by improved, owner-occupied real estate, particularly consumer loans that are secured by rapidly depreciable assets. In these cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance. As a result, consumer loan repayments are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability and thus are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal bankruptcy.

Other Loans. Our other loans totaled $15.2 million and $15.0 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and are immaterial to the overall loan portfolio. The other loans category consists primarily of over-drafted depository accounts, loans utilized to purchase or carry securities and loans to nonprofit organizations.

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Table of Contents

Loan Portfolio Maturities.

The following tables summarize the dollar amount of loans maturing in our portfolio based on their loan type, fixed or variable rate of interest, and contractual terms to maturity at September 30, 2024. The tables do not include any estimate of prepayments, which can significantly shorten the average life of all loans and may cause our actual repayment experience to differ from that shown below. Demand loans, loans having no stated repayment schedule or maturity, and overdraft loans are reported as being due in one year or less.

One Year or

One to Five

Five to Fifteen

Over Fifteen

Less

Years

Years

Years

Total

(dollars in thousands)

Commercial & industrial

    

$

177,436

    

$

210,032

    

$

128,559

$

1,789

    

$

517,816

Commercial real estate

Owner Occupied

112,220

419,876

331,633

75,001

938,730

Non-owner Occupied

44,650

290,282

120,647

7,744

463,323

Multi-family

17,573

141,262

170,130

493

329,458

Construction & Development

41,995

87,309

54,204

62,937

246,445

Residential 1-4 family

17,552

97,959

217,570

571,192

904,273

Consumer and other

9,590

36,603

18,708

5,972

70,873

Total

$

421,016

$

1,283,323

$

1,041,451

$

725,128

$

3,470,918

Fixed Rate Loans:

Commercial & industrial

$

57,931

$

172,968

$

81,037

$

1,758

$

313,694

Commercial real estate

Owner Occupied

53,383

337,657

112,146

20,612

523,798

Non-owner Occupied

36,788

247,779

36,763

321,330

Multi-family

14,408

137,509

116,099

268,016

Construction & Development

24,188

82,535

15,794

35,008

157,525

Residential 1-4 family

10,289

76,897

172,256

276,833

536,275

Consumer and other

9,374

35,759

17,608

5,972

68,713

Total

$

206,361

$

1,091,104

$

551,703

$

340,183

$

2,189,351

Floating Rate Loans:

Commercial & industrial

$

119,505

$

37,064

$

47,522

$

31

$

204,122

Commercial real estate

Owner Occupied

58,837

82,219

219,487

54,389

414,932

Non-owner Occupied

7,862

42,503

83,884

7,744

141,993

Multi-family

3,165

3,753

54,031

493

61,442

Construction & Development

17,807

4,774

38,410

27,929

88,920

Residential 1-4 family

7,263

21,062

45,314

294,359

367,998

Consumer and other

216

844

1,100

2,160

Total

$

214,655

$

192,219

$

489,748

$

384,945

$

1,281,567

NONPERFORMING ASSETS

In order to operate with a sound risk profile, we focus on originating loans that we believe to be of high quality. We have established loan approval policies and procedures to assist us in maintaining the overall quality of our loan portfolio. When delinquencies in our loans exist, we rigorously monitor the levels of such delinquencies for any negative or adverse trends. From time to time, we may modify loans to extend the term or make other concessions to help a borrower with a deteriorating financial condition stay current on their loan and to avoid foreclosure. We generally do not forgive principal or interest on loans or modify the interest rates on loans to rates that are below market rates. Furthermore, we are committed to collecting on all of our loans and, as a result, at times have lower net charge-offs compared to many of our peer banks. We believe that our commitment to collecting on all of our loans results in higher loan recoveries.

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Table of Contents

Our nonperforming assets consist of nonperforming loans and foreclosed real estate. Nonperforming loans are those on which the accrual of interest has stopped, as well as loans that are contractually 90 days past due on which interest continues to accrue. The composition of our nonperforming assets is as follows:

    

As of September 30, 

    

As of December 31, 

    

As of September 30, 

 

2024

2023

2023

 

 

(dollars in thousands)

Nonperforming loans

Nonaccrual loans

Commercial & industrial

$

4,117

$

1,344

$

531

Commercial real estate

Owner Occupied

5,382

3,877

1,958

Non-owner Occupied

Multi-family

Construction & Development

Residential 1-4 family

176

429

444

Consumer and other

18

12

13

Total nonaccrual loans

9,693

5,662

2,946

Loans past due > 90 days, but still accruing

Commercial & industrial

15

106

18

Commercial real estate

Owner Occupied

252

250

Non-owner Occupied

79

Multi-family

Construction & Development

86

Residential 1-4 family

1,282

507

151

Consumer and other

14

28

27

Total loans past due > 90 days, but still accruing

1,476

893

446

Total nonperforming loans

$

11,169

$

6,555

$

3,392

OREO

Commercial real estate owned

$

$

$

Residential real estate owned

Acquired bank property real estate owned

712

2,573

1,844

Total OREO

$

712

$

2,573

$

1,844

Total nonperforming assets ("NPAs")

$

11,881

$

9,128

$

5,236

Accruing modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty

$

18

$

21

$

21

Ratios

Nonaccrual loans to total loans

0.28

%

0.17

%

0.09

%

NPAs to total loans plus OREO

0.34

%

0.27

%

0.16

%

NPAs to total assets

0.28

%

0.21

%

0.13

%

ACL - Loans to nonaccrual loans

466

%

770

%

1,473

%

ACL - Loans to total loans

1.30

%

1.30

%

1.29

%

Nonaccrual Loans

Loans are typically placed on nonaccrual status when any payment of principal and/or interest is 90 days or more past due, unless the collateral is sufficient to cover both principal and interest and the loan is in the process of collection. Loans are also placed on nonaccrual status when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions, that the principal or interest will not be collectible in the normal course of business. We monitor closely the performance of our loan portfolio. In addition to the monitoring and review of loan performance internally, we have also contracted with an independent organization to review our commercial and retail loan portfolios. The status of delinquent loans, as well as situations identified as potential problems, are reviewed on a regular basis by senior management. The increase in nonaccrual loans during the first nine months of 2024 primarily related to one customer relationship, acquired as part of the Hometown acquisition, that was moved from accrual status during the first quarter.

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Table of Contents

ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES - LOANS

The Company assesses the adequacy of its ACL - Loans at the end of each calendar quarter. The level of ACL - Loans is based on the Company’s evaluation of historical default and loss experience, current and projected economic conditions, asset quality trends, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrowers’ ability to repay a loan, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio and other relevant factors. The ACL - Loans is increased by a provision for credit losses, which is charged to expense, when the analysis shows that an increase is warranted. The ACL – Loans is reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries, when they occur. The ACL is believed adequate to absorb all expected future losses to be recognized over the contractual life of the loans in the portfolio.

For further details on the Company’s ACL – Loans, refer to the footnotes along with the consolidated financial statements elsewhere in this report.

At September 30, 2024, the ACL - Loans was $45.2 million (representing 1.30% of period end loans). The ACL– Loans has remained consistent over recent quarters as economic conditions and the Company’s overall asset quality remain strong. As previously mentioned, the Bank reallocated $0.9 million of ACL from unfunded commitments to ACL for loans in response to a decrease in unfunded loan commitments and an increase in loan balances. The Company recorded net recoveries totaling $0.5 million during the first nine months of 2024.

The following table summarizes the changes in our ACL - Loans for the periods indicated:

Nine months ended

Year ended

Nine months ended

September 30, 

December 31, 

September 30, 

2024

2023

2023

 

(dollars in thousands)

Balance of ACL - Loans at the beginning of period

 

$

43,609

 

$

22,680

 

$

22,680

 

Adoption of CECL

10,972

10,972

ACL - Loans on PCD loans acquired

5,534

5,534

Net loans charged-off (recovered):

 

 

 

 

Commercial & industrial

 

23

 

(22)

 

(5)

 

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

 

(615)

 

(70)

 

(70)

 

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

 

 

 

 

Commercial real estate - multi-family

Construction & Development

 

 

 

 

Residential 1-4 family

 

35

 

(106)

 

(104)

 

Consumer

 

 

 

(3)

 

Other Loans

 

54

 

67

 

56

 

Total net loans recovered

 

(503)

 

(131)

 

(126)

 

Provision charged to operating expense

 

200

 

4,292

 

4,092

 

Transfer from ACL - Unfunded Commitments

900

Balance of ACL - Loans at end of period

$

45,212

$

43,609

$

43,404

Ratio of net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans by loan composition

Commercial & industrial

 

0.00

%  

 

%  

 

%  

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

 

(0.07)

%  

 

(0.01)

%  

 

(0.01)

%  

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

 

%  

 

%  

 

%  

Commercial real estate - multi-family

%

%

%

Construction & Development

 

%  

 

%  

 

%  

Residential 1-4 family

 

0.00

%  

 

(0.01)

%  

 

(0.01)

%  

Consumer

 

%  

 

%  

 

(0.01)

%  

Other Loans

 

0.36

%  

 

0.36

%  

 

0.36

%  

Total net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans

 

(0.01)

%  

 

%  

 

%  

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Table of Contents

The following table summarizes an allocation of the ACL - Loans and the related percentage of loans outstanding in each category for the periods below.

September 30, 

December 31, 

September 30, 

 

2024

2023

2023

 

    

% of

% of

% of

 

(in thousands, except %)

 

Amount

    

Loans

    

Amount

    

Loans

    

Amount

    

Loans

    

Loan Type:

 

 

 

 

Commercial & industrial

$

5,940

 

15

%

$

5,965

 

15

%  

$

7,555

 

16

%

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

 

12,769

 

27

%  

 

12,285

 

27

%  

 

11,460

 

27

%

Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied

 

5,553

 

13

%  

 

5,700

 

14

%  

 

4,462

 

13

%

Commercial real estate - multi-family

4,624

10

%

4,754

10

%

3,902

10

%

Construction & development

 

4,443

 

7

%  

 

3,597

 

6

%  

 

3,568

 

6

%

Residential 1-4 family

 

11,107

 

26

%  

 

10,620

 

27

%  

 

11,152

 

26

%

Consumer

 

642

 

2

%  

 

615

 

1

%  

 

1,007

 

2

%

Other loans

 

134

 

%  

 

73

 

%  

 

98

 

%

Total allowance

$

45,212

100

%  

$

43,609

100

%  

$

43,204

100

%

SOURCES OF FUNDS

General. Deposits have traditionally been our primary source of funds for our investment and lending activities. We also borrow from the FHLB of Chicago to supplement cash needs, to lengthen the maturities of liabilities for interest rate risk management purposes and to manage our cost of funds. Our additional sources of funds are scheduled payments and prepayments of principal and interest on loans and investment securities and fee income and proceeds from the sales of loans and securities.

Deposits. Our current deposit products include non-interest bearing and interest-bearing checking accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts, and certificate of deposits. As of September 30, 2024, deposit liabilities accounted for approximately 81.1% of our total liabilities and equity. We accept deposits primarily from customers in the communities in which our branches and offices are located, as well as from small businesses and other customers throughout our lending area. We rely on our competitive pricing and products, quality customer service, and convenient locations and hours to attract and retain deposits. Deposit rates and terms are based primarily on current business strategies, market interest rates, liquidity requirements and our deposit growth goals.

Total deposits were $3.48 billion and $3.43 billion as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Noninterest-bearing deposits at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, were $1.02 billion and $1.05 billion, respectively, while interest-bearing deposits were $2.46 billion and $2.38 billion at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Like most in the banking industry, the Bank has seen a shift in its deposit portfolio from noninterest-bearing deposits to interest-bearing deposits as prevailing interest rates have increased over the last several quarters.

At September 30, 2024, we had a total of $649.7 million in certificates of deposit, including $20.1 million of brokered deposits. Based on historical experience and our current pricing strategy, we believe we will retain a majority of these accounts upon maturity, although our long-term strategy is to minimize reliance on certificates of deposits by increasing relationship deposits in lower earning savings and demand deposit accounts.

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Table of Contents

The following tables set forth the average balances of our deposits for the periods indicated:

Nine months ended

Year ended

Nine months ended

September 30, 2024

December 31, 2023

September 30, 2023

    

Amount

    

Percent

    

Amount

    

Percent

    

Amount

    

Percent

    

    

(dollars in thousands)

    

Noninterest-bearing demand deposits

    

$

988,440

    

28.9

%  

$

1,078,468

    

31.9

%  

$

1,058,668

    

31.6

%  

Interest-bearing checking deposits

 

401,363

 

11.7

%  

 

293,568

 

8.7

%  

 

294,753

 

8.8

%  

Savings deposits

 

816,202

 

23.8

%  

 

833,360

 

24.6

%  

 

839,459

 

25.0

%  

Money market accounts

 

611,257

 

17.8

%  

 

665,988

 

19.7

%  

 

664,758

 

19.8

%  

Certificates of deposit

 

606,988

 

17.7

%  

 

509,273

 

15.0

%  

 

491,544

 

14.7

%  

Brokered deposits

 

3,491

 

0.1

%  

 

3,184

 

0.1

%  

 

4,005

 

0.1

%  

Total

$

3,427,741

 

100

%  

$

3,383,841

100

%  

$

3,353,187

 

100

%  

The following table provides information on maturities of certificates of deposits which exceed FDIC insurance limits of $250,000 as of September 30, 2024:

Time Deposits over FDIC

Portion of Time Deposits in

Insurance Limits

    

Excess of FDIC Insurance Limits

    

(dollars in thousands)

3 months or less remaining

$

57,434

$

25,434

Over 3 to 6 months remaining

 

64,049

 

34,799

Over 6 to 12 months remaining

 

25,770

 

12,270

Over 12 months or more remaining

 

16,324

 

5,824

Total

$

163,577

$

78,327

Borrowings

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

The Company had securities sold under repurchase agreements which had contractual maturities up to one year from the transaction date with variable and fixed rate terms. The agreements to repurchase required that the Company (seller) repurchase identical securities as those that were sold. The securities underlying the agreements were under the Company’s control. The Company redeemed all securities sold under repurchase agreements during the first quarter of 2024.

The following table summarizes securities sold under repurchase agreements, and the weighted average interest rates paid:

Nine months ended

Year ended

Nine months ended

 

(dollars in thousands)

    

September 30, 2024

    

December 31, 2023

    

September 30, 2023

 

Average daily amount of securities sold under repurchase agreements during the period

$

553

$

36,833

$

38,462

Weighted average interest rate on average daily securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

5.33

%  

 

4.92

%  

 

4.81

%

Maximum outstanding securities sold under repurchase agreements at any month-end

$

$

75,747

$

60,306

Securities sold under repurchase agreements at period end

$

$

75,747

$

17,191

Weighted average interest rate on securities sold under repurchase agreements at period end

 

NA

 

5.31

%  

 

5.36

%

Borrowings

The Company’s borrowings have historically consisted primarily of FHLB of Chicago advances collateralized by a blanket pledge agreement on the Company’s FHLB capital stock and retail and commercial loans held in the Company’s portfolio. There were $135.3 million and $35.3 million of advances outstanding from the FHLB at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

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Table of Contents

The total loans pledged as collateral were $1.45 billion and $1.49 billion at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. There were no outstanding letters of credit from the FHLB at September 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

The following table summarizes borrowings from the FHLB, and the weighted average interest rates paid:

Nine months ended

Year ended

Nine months ended

(dollars in thousands)

    

September 30, 2024

    

December 31, 2023

    

September 30, 2023

Average daily amount of borrowings outstanding during the period

$

69,109

$

30,697

$

29,048

Weighted average interest rate on average daily borrowing

 

4.35

%  

 

3.92

%  

 

3.91

%  

Maximum outstanding borrowings at any month-end

$

135,346

$

36,577

$

36,577

Borrowing outstanding at period end

$

135,346

$

35,270

$

35,847

Weighted average interest rate on borrowing at period end

 

4.37

%  

 

3.59

%  

 

3.58

%  

Lines of credit and other borrowings.

During July 2020, the Company entered into subordinated note agreements with two separate commercial banks. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, outstanding balances under these agreements totaled $6.0 million. These notes were issued with 10-year maturities, will carry interest at a fixed rate of 5.0% through June 30, 2025, and at a variable rate thereafter, payable quarterly. These notes are callable on or after January 1, 2026 and qualify for Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

During August 2022, the Company entered into subordinated note agreements with an individual. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, outstanding balances under these agreements totaled $6.0 million. These notes were issued with 10-year maturities, will carry interest at a fixed rate of 5.25% through August 6, 2027, and at a variable rate thereafter, payable quarterly. These notes are callable on or after August 6, 2027 and qualify for Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

As a result of the acquisition of Hometown during February 2023, the Company acquired all of the common securities of Hometown’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Hometown Bancorp, Ltd. Capital Trust I (“Trust I”) and Hometown Bancorp, Ltd. Capital Trust II (“Trust II”). The Company also assumed adjustable rate junior subordinated debentures issued to these trusts. The junior subordinated debentures issued to Trust I and Trust II totaled $4.1 million and $8.2 million, respectively, carried interest at floating rates resetting on each quarterly payment date, and were due on January 7, 2034 and December 15, 2036, respectively. Applicable discounts originally totaling $1.5 million were recorded to carry the assumed debentures at their then estimated fair value and were being accreted to interest expense over the remaining life of the debentures. Both junior subordinated debentures were redeemable by the Company, subject to prior approval by the Federal Reserve Bank, on any quarterly payment date. The junior subordinated debentures represented the sole asset of Trust I and Trust II. The trusts were not included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The net effect of all agreements assumed with respect to Trust I and Trust II is that the Company, through payments on its debentures, was liable for the distributions and other payments required on the trusts’ preferred securities. Trust I and Trust II also provided the Company with $12.0 million in Tier 1 capital for regulatory capital purposes. The Company redeemed the junior subordinated debenture related to Trust II during December 2023 and Trust I during January 2024, resulting in these trusts’ dissolution. As a result of the redemption of the junior subordinated debenture related to Trust II and notification of the Company’s intent to redeem the junior subordinated debenture of Trust I prior to December 31, 2023, the Company amortized the remaining original fair value discounts into interest expense during 2023.

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Table of Contents

INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Our securities portfolio consists of securities available for sale and securities held to maturity. Securities are classified as held to maturity or available for sale at the time of purchase. Obligations of states and political subdivisions and mortgage-backed securities, all of which are issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, make up the largest components of the securities portfolio. We manage our investment portfolio to provide an adequate level of liquidity as well as to maintain neutral interest rate-sensitive positions, while earning an adequate level of investment income without taking undue or excessive risk.

Securities available for sale consist of U.S. government sponsored agencies, obligations of states and political subdivision, mortgage-backed securities, and corporate notes. Securities classified as available for sale, which management has the intent and ability to hold for an indefinite period of time, but not necessarily to maturity, are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of related deferred income taxes, included in stockholders’ equity as a separate component of other comprehensive income. The fair value of securities available for sale totaled $128.4 million and included $0.2 gross unrealized gains and gross unrealized losses of $9.4 million at September 30, 2024. At December 31, 2023, the fair value of securities available for sale totaled $142.2 million and included gross unrealized gains of $0.1 million and gross unrealized losses of $12.2 million.

Securities classified as held to maturity consist of U.S. treasury securities and obligations of states and political subdivisions. These securities, which management has the intent and ability to hold to maturity, are reported at amortized cost. Securities held to maturity totaled $109.2 million at September 30, 2024 and $103.3 million at December 31, 2023.

The Company had recognized minimal net losses on sales of securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The Company had recognized net losses on sales of securities of $0.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The following tables set forth the composition and maturities of investment securities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

After One, But

After Five, But

 

Within One Year

Within Five Years

Within Ten Years

After Ten Years

Total

 

Weighted

Weighted

Weighted

Weighted

Weighted

 

Amortized

Average

Amortized

Average

Amortized

Average

Amortized

Average

Amortized

Average

 

At September 30, 2024

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

 

(dollars in thousands)

Available for sale securities

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies

$

1,486

 

5.0

%  

$

1,194

 

4.5

%  

$

14,069

 

2.0

%  

$

11,371

 

2.3

%  

$

28,120

 

2.4

%

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

 

342

 

4.9

%  

 

11,918

 

4.1

%  

 

17,399

 

3.2

%  

 

33,340

 

2.8

%  

 

62,999

 

3.2

%

Mortgage-backed securities

 

12

 

4.0

%  

 

10,950

 

3.4

%  

 

7,907

 

4.4

%  

 

11,987

 

3.7

%  

 

30,856

 

3.8

%

Corporate notes

 

 

%  

 

5,000

 

9.4

%  

 

9,609

 

3.3

%

 

1,058

 

10.6

%  

 

15,667

 

5.7

%

Total available for sale securities

$

1,840

 

4.9

%  

$

29,062

 

4.8

%  

$

48,984

 

3.1

%  

$

57,756

 

3.0

%  

$

137,642

 

3.4

%

Held to maturity securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities

$

22,148

 

3.6

%  

$

42,730

 

3.7

%  

$

41,162

 

4.4

%  

$

 

$

106,040

 

4.0

%

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

801

 

2.3

%  

2,395

 

2.7

%  

 

%  

 

%

3,196

2.6

%

Total held to maturity securities

$

22,949

3.6

%  

$

45,125

3.7

%  

$

41,162

 

4.4

%  

$

 

%  

$

109,236

3.9

%

Total

$

24,789

 

3.7

%  

$

74,187

 

4.1

%  

$

90,146

 

3.7

%  

$

57,756

 

3.0

%  

$

246,878

 

3.6

%

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Table of Contents

After One, But

After Five, But

 

Within One Year

Within Five Years

Within Ten Years

After Ten Years

Total

 

Weighted

Weighted

Weighted

Weighted

Weighted

 

Amortized

Average

Amortized

Average

Amortized

Average

Amortized

Average

Amortized

Average

 

At December 31, 2023

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

    

Cost

    

Yield (1)

 

 

(dollars in thousands)

Available for sale securities

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies

$

980

 

5.1

%  

$

1,464

 

5.0

%  

$

16,202

 

2.2

%  

$

12,807

 

2.2

%  

$

31,453

 

2.5

%

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

 

 

%  

 

9,828

 

4.1

%  

 

14,542

 

3.5

%  

 

39,559

 

2.8

%  

 

63,929

 

3.1

%

Mortgage-backed securities

 

3,579

 

2.6

%  

 

8,649

 

3.3

%  

 

11,788

 

4.1

%  

 

13,773

 

3.7

%  

 

37,789

 

3.6

%

Corporate notes

 

4,995

 

3.3

%  

 

5,000

 

6.5

%  

 

9,119

 

3.4

%

 

1,543

 

6.5

%  

 

20,657

 

4.4

%

Certificates of deposit

490

1.3

%  

%  

%

%

490

1.3

%  

Total available for sale securities

$

10,044

 

3.1

%  

$

24,941

 

4.4

%  

$

51,651

 

3.2

%  

$

67,682

 

2.9

%  

$

154,318

 

3.3

%

Held to maturity securities

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

U.S. Treasury securities

 

$

16,816

 

3.4

%  

$

60,714

 

3.6

%  

$

21,643

 

4.7

%  

$

 

%  

99,173

 

3.8

%

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

956

 

2.7

%  

2,324

 

2.5

%  

871

 

3.0

%  

 

%

4,151

2.6

%

Total held to maturity securities

$

17,772

3.4

%  

$

63,038

3.6

%  

$

22,514

 

4.6

%  

$

 

%  

$

103,324

3.8

%

Total

$

27,816

 

3.3

%  

$

87,979

 

3.8

%  

$

74,165

 

3.7

%  

$

67,682

 

2.9

%  

$

257,642

 

3.5

%

(1)

Weighted Average Yield is shown on a fully taxable equivalent basis using a federal tax rate of 21% and includes the amortization of premiums and discounts.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, no allowance for credit losses on securities AFS was recognized. The Company does not consider its securities AFS with unrealized losses to be attributable to credit-related factors, as the unrealized losses in each category have occurred as a result of changes in noncredit-related factors such as changes in interest rates, market spreads and market conditions subsequent to purchase, not credit deterioration. Furthermore, as of September 30, 2024, the Company did not have the intent to sell any of these securities AFS and believes that it is more likely than not that we will not have to sell any such securities before a recovery of cost.

The Company does not believe there are any expected credit losses in its HTM securities portfolio at September 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023. All U.S. Treasury securities have the full faith and credit backing of the United States government and the amount of obligations of states and political subdivisions in an unrealized loss position is immaterial to the financial statements.

As of September 30, 2024, 184 debt securities had gross unrealized losses, with an aggregate depreciation of 3.0% from our amortized cost basis. The largest unrealized loss percentage of any single security was 20.1% (or $0.8 million) of its amortized cost. The largest unrealized dollar loss of any security was $0.8 million (or 20.1%).

As of December 31, 2023, 204 debt securities had gross unrealized losses, with an aggregate depreciation of 4.6% from our amortized cost basis. The largest unrealized loss percentage of any single security was 26.5% (or $0.5 million) of its amortized cost. The largest unrealized dollar loss of any single security was $1.0 million (or 16.1%).

The unrealized losses on these debt securities arose primarily due to changing interest rates and are considered to be temporary.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices. Our consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. GAAP generally requires the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without consideration of changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of our operations. Unlike industrial companies, our assets and liabilities are primarily monetary in nature. As a result, changes in market interest rates have a greater impact on our performance than they would on industrial companies.

Liquidity. Liquidity is defined as the Company’s ability to generate adequate cash to meet its needs for day-to-day operations and material long and short-term commitments. Liquidity is the risk of potential loss if we were unable to meet our funding requirements at a reasonable cost. We are expected to maintain adequate liquidity at the Bank to meet the cash flow requirements of customers who may be either depositors wishing to withdraw funds or borrowers needing assurance that sufficient funds will be available to meet their credit needs. Our asset and liability management policy is intended to cause the Bank to maintain adequate liquidity and, therefore, enhance our ability to raise funds to support asset growth, meet deposit withdrawals and lending needs, maintain reserve requirements and otherwise sustain our operations.

We continuously monitor our liquidity position to ensure that assets and liabilities are managed in a manner that will meet all of our short-term and long-term cash requirements. We manage our liquidity based on demand and specific events and uncertainties to meet current and future financial obligations of a short-term nature. We also monitor our liquidity requirements in light of interest rate trends, changes in the economy and the scheduled maturity and interest rate sensitivity of the investment and loan portfolios and deposits. Our objective in managing liquidity is to respond to the needs of depositors and borrowers as well as to increase earnings enhancement opportunities in a changing marketplace.

Our liquidity is maintained through our investment portfolio, deposits, borrowings from the FHLB, and lines available from correspondent banks. Our highest priority is placed on growing noninterest bearing deposits through strong community involvement in the markets that we serve. Borrowings and brokered deposits are considered short-term supplements to our overall liquidity but are not intended to be relied upon for long-term needs. The Company currently has $1.67 billion in availability between borrowings and brokered deposits for future funding if liquidity needs were to develop. We believe that our present position is adequate to meet our current and future liquidity needs, and management knows of no trend or event that will have a material impact on the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity at satisfactory levels.

Capital Adequacy. Total stockholders’ equity was $628.9 million at September 30, 2024 compared to $619.8 million at December 31, 2023.

Our capital management consists of providing adequate equity to support our current and future operations. The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by state and federal banking agencies, including the Federal Reserve and the OCC. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements may prompt certain actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measure of their assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and the classifications are also subject to qualitative judgment by the regulator in regard to components, risk weighting and other factors.

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Table of Contents

The Bank is subject to the following risk-based capital ratios: a common equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) risk-based capital ratio, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio, which includes CET1 and additional Tier 1 capital, and a total capital ratio, which includes Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital. CET1 is primarily comprised of the sum of common stock instruments and related surplus net of treasury stock, retained earnings, and certain qualifying minority interests, less certain adjustments and deductions, including with respect to goodwill, intangible assets, mortgage servicing assets and deferred tax assets subject to temporary timing differences. Additional Tier 1 capital is primarily comprised of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock, tier 1 minority interests and grandfathered trust preferred securities. Tier 2 capital consists of instruments disqualified from Tier 1 capital, including qualifying subordinated debt, other preferred stock and certain hybrid capital instruments, and a limited amount of loan loss reserves up to a maximum of 1.25% of risk-weighted assets, subject to certain eligibility criteria. The capital rules also define the risk-weights assigned to assets and off-balance sheet items to determine the risk-weighted asset components of the risk-based capital rules, including, for example, certain “high volatility” commercial real estate, past due assets, structured securities and equity holdings.

The leverage capital ratio, which serves as a minimum capital standard, is the ratio of Tier 1 capital to quarterly average assets net of goodwill, certain other intangible assets, and certain required deduction items. The required minimum leverage ratio for all banks is 4%.

Failure to be well-capitalized or to meet minimum capital requirements could result in certain mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have an adverse material effect on our operations or financial condition. For example, only a well-capitalized depository institution may accept brokered deposits without prior regulatory approval. Failure to be well-capitalized or to meet minimum capital requirements could also result in restrictions on the Bank’s ability to pay dividends or otherwise distribute capital or to receive regulatory approval of applications or other restrictions on its growth.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”), among other things, requires the federal bank regulatory agencies to take “prompt corrective action” regarding depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. FDICIA establishes five regulatory capital tiers: “well capitalized”, “adequately capitalized”, “undercapitalized”, “significantly undercapitalized”, and “critically undercapitalized”. A depository institution’s capital tier will depend upon how its capital levels compare to various relevant capital measures and certain other factors, as established by regulation. FDICIA generally prohibits a depository institution from making any capital distribution (including payment of a dividend) or paying any management fee to its holding company if the depository institution would thereafter be undercapitalized. The FDICIA imposes progressively more restrictive restraints on operations, management and capital distributions, depending on the category in which an institution is classified. Undercapitalized depository institutions are subject to restrictions on borrowing from the Federal Reserve System. In addition, undercapitalized depository institutions may not accept brokered deposits absent a waiver from the FDIC, are subject to growth limitations and are required to submit capital restoration plans for regulatory approval. A depository institution’s holding company must guarantee any required capital restoration plan, up to an amount equal to the lesser of 5 percent of the depository institution’s assets at the time it becomes undercapitalized or the amount of the capital deficiency when the institution fails to comply with the plan. Federal banking agencies may not accept a capital plan without determining, among other things, that the plan is based on realistic assumptions and is likely to succeed in restoring the depository institution’s capital. If a depository institution fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is treated as if it is significantly undercapitalized. All of the federal bank regulatory agencies have adopted regulations establishing relevant capital measures and relevant capital levels for federally insured depository institutions. The Bank was well capitalized at September 30, 2024, and brokered deposits are not restricted.

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Table of Contents

To be well-capitalized, the Bank must maintain at least a 6.5% CET1 to risk-weighted assets ratio, an 8.0% Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, a 10.0% Total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, and a 5.0% leverage ratio.

The Bank’s regulatory capital ratios were above the applicable well-capitalized standards and met the then-applicable capital conservation buffer. Based on current estimates, we believe that the Bank will continue to exceed all applicable well-capitalized regulatory capital requirements and the capital conservation buffer in 2024.

As a result of the Economic Growth Act, the federal banking agencies were required to develop a “Community Bank Leverage Ratio” (the ratio of a bank’s Tier 1 capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. A “qualifying community bank” that exceeds this ratio will be deemed to be in compliance with all other capital and leverage requirements, including the capital requirements to be considered “well capitalized” under prompt corrective action statutes. The federal banking agencies may consider a financial institution’s risk profile when evaluation whether it qualifies as a community bank for purposes of the capital ratio requirement. The federal banking agencies set the minimum capital for the new Community Bank Leverage Ratio at 9%. The Bank does not intend to opt into the Community Bank Leverage Ratio Framework.

On December 21, 2018, federal banking agencies issued a joint final rule to revise their regulatory capital rules to (i) address the upcoming implementation of CECL accounting standard under GAAP; (ii) provide an optional three-year phase-in period for the day-one adverse regulatory capital effects that banking organizations are expected to experience upon adopting CECL; and (iii) require the use of CECL in stress tests beginning with the 2020 capital planning and stress testing cycle for certain banking organizations. For more information regarding Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, which introduced CECL as the methodology to replace the current “incurred loss” methodology for financial assets measured at amortized cost, and changed the approaches for recognizing and recording credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased credit impaired financial assets, including the required implementation date for the Company, see the Company’s Annual Report.

Federal banking regulators have issued risk-based capital guidelines, which assign risk factors to asset categories and off-balance-sheet items. The following table reflects capital ratios computed utilizing the implemented Basel III regulatory capital framework discussed above:

Minimum Capital Required

Minimum To Be Well-

 

Minimum Capital

for Capital Adequacy Plus

Capitalized Under prompt

 

Required for Capital

Capital Conservation Buffer

corrective Action

 

Actual

Adequacy

Basel III Phase-In Schedule

Provisions

 

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

 

(dollars in thousands)

 

At September 30, 2024

    

  

    

  

    

  

    

  

    

  

    

  

    

  

    

  

Bank First Corporation:

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)

$

495,493

 

13.9

%  

$

285,833

 

8.0

%  

$

375,156

 

10.5

%  

N/A

 

N/A

Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)

442,697

 

12.4

%  

214,375

 

6.0

%  

303,698

 

8.5

%  

N/A

 

N/A

Common equity tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)

442,697

 

12.4

%  

160,781

 

4.5

%  

250,104

 

7.0

%  

N/A

 

N/A

Tier I capital (to average assets)

442,697

 

10.9

%  

161,935

 

4.0

%  

161,935

 

4.0

%  

N/A

 

N/A

Bank First, N.A:

 

 

 

  

  

 

  

  

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)

$

434,920

 

12.2

%  

$

285,664

 

8.0

%  

$

374,934

 

10.5

%  

$

357,080

 

10.0

%

Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)

394,124

 

11.0

%  

214,248

 

6.0

%  

303,518

 

8.5

%  

285,664

 

8.0

%

Common equity tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)

394,124

 

11.0

%  

160,686

 

4.5

%  

249,956

7.0

%  

232,102

6.5

%  

Tier I capital (to average assets)

394,124

 

9.7

%  

161,835

 

4.0

%  

161,835

 

4.0

%  

202,294

 

5.0

%

At December 31, 2023

    

    

  

    

  

    

  

    

  

    

  

    

  

    

  

Bank First Corporation:

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)

$

484,398

 

14.0

%  

$

276,904

 

8.0

%  

$

363,437

 

10.5

%  

N/A

 

N/A

Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)

437,979

 

12.7

%  

207,678

 

6.0

%  

294,211

 

8.5

%  

N/A

 

N/A

Common equity tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)

433,979

 

12.5

%  

155,759

 

4.5

%  

242,291

 

7.0

%  

N/A

 

N/A

Tier I capital (to average assets)

437,979

 

11.1

%  

158,581

 

4.0

%  

158,581

 

4.0

%  

N/A

 

N/A

Bank First, N.A:

 

 

 

  

  

 

  

  

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)

$

446,634

 

12.9

%  

$

276,726

 

8.0

%  

$

363,202

 

10.5

%  

$

345,907

 

10.0

%

Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)

412,215

 

11.9

%  

207,544

 

6.0

%  

294,021

 

8.5

%  

276,726

 

8.0

%

Common equity tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)

412,215

 

11.9

%  

155,658

 

4.5

%  

242,135

7.0

%  

224,840

6.5

%  

Tier I capital (to average assets)

412,215

 

10.4

%  

158,585

 

4.0

%  

158,585

 

4.0

%  

198,231

 

5.0

%

As previously mentioned, the Company carried $12.0 million of subordinated debt as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, which qualifies as Tier II capital, and $4.0 million of junior subordinated debt as of December 31, 2023, which qualified as Tier I capital. These amounts are included in total capital for the Company in the tables above.

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Table of Contents

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE-SHEET RISK

We are party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments primarily include commitments to originate and sell loans, standby and direct pay letters of credit, unused lines of credit and unadvanced portions of construction and development loans. The instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. The contract or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in these particular classes of financial instruments.

Our exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for loan commitments, standby and direct pay letters of credit and unadvanced portions of construction and development loans is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. Our significant off-balance-sheet arrangements consist of the following:

Unused lines of credit
Standby and direct pay letters of credit
Credit card arrangements

Off-balance sheet arrangement means any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement to which an entity unconsolidated with the registrant is a party, under which the registrant has (1) any obligation under a guarantee contract, (2) retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity or similar arrangement, (3) any obligation, including a contingent obligation, under a contract that would be accounted for as a derivative instrument, or (4) any obligation, including a contingent obligation, arising out of a variable interest.

Loan commitments are made to accommodate the financial needs of our customers. Standby and direct pay letters of credit commit us to make payments on behalf of customers when certain specified future events occur. Both arrangements have credit risk essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to clients and are subject to our normal credit policies. Collateral (e.g., securities, receivables, inventory, equipment, etc.) is obtained based on management’s credit assessment of the customer.

Loan commitments and standby and direct pay letters of credit do not necessarily represent our future cash requirements because while the borrower has the ability to draw upon these commitments at any time, these commitments often expire without being drawn upon. Our off-balance sheet arrangements at the dates indicated were as follows:

    

Amounts of Commitments Expiring - By Period as of September 30, 2024

    

Less Than One

    

One to Three

    

Three to Five

    

Other Commitments

Total

 

Year

 

Years

 

Years

 

After Five Years

 

(dollars in thousands)

Unused lines of credit

$

761,899

$

388,580

$

131,188

$

38,998

$

203,133

Standby and direct pay letters of credit

 

15,447

 

13,840

 

809

 

615

 

183

Credit card arrangements

 

22,884

 

 

 

 

22,884

Total commitments

$

800,230

$

402,420

$

131,997

$

39,613

$

226,200

Amounts of Commitments Expiring - By Period as of December 31, 2023

Less Than

One to

Three to

After Five

Other Commitments

    

Total

    

One Year

    

Three Years

    

Five Years

    

Years

(dollars in thousands)

Unused lines of credit

$

799,398

$

369,800

$

129,181

$

66,070

$

234,347

Standby and direct pay letters of credit

 

9,785

 

7,615

 

1,407

 

580

 

183

Credit card arrangements

 

21,213

 

 

 

 

21,213

Total commitments

$

830,396

$

377,415

$

130,588

$

66,650

$

255,743

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Table of Contents

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and rates. Our market risk arises primarily from interest rate risk inherent in its lending, investment and deposit-taking activities. To that end, management actively monitors and manages its interest rate risk exposure.

Our profitability is affected by fluctuations in interest rates. A sudden and substantial change in interest rates may adversely impact our earnings to the extent that the interest rates borne by assets and liabilities do not change at the same speed, to the same extent or on the same basis. We monitor the impact of changes in interest rates on its net interest income using several tools.

Our primary objective in managing interest rate risk is to minimize the adverse impact of changes in interest rates on our net interest income and capital, while configuring our asset-liability structure to obtain the maximum yield-cost spread on that structure. We rely primarily on our asset-liability structure to control interest rate risk.

Interest Rate Sensitivity. Interest rate risk is the risk to earnings and value arising from changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk arises from timing differences in the repricings and maturities of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities (repricing risk), changes in the expected maturities of assets and liabilities arising from embedded options, such as borrowers’ ability to prepay home mortgage loans at any time and depositors’ ability to redeem certificates of deposit before maturity (option risk), changes in the shape of the yield curve where interest rates increase or decrease in a nonparallel fashion (yield curve risk), and changes in spread relationships between different yield curves, such as U.S. Treasuries (basis risk).

An asset sensitive position refers to a balance sheet position in which an increase in short-term interest rates is expected to generate higher net interest income, as rates earned on our interest-earning assets would reprice upward more quickly than rates paid on our interest-bearing liabilities, thus expanding our net interest margin. Conversely, a liability sensitive position refers to a balance sheet position in which an increase in short-term interest rates is expected to generate lower net interest income, as rates paid on our interest-bearing liabilities would reprice upward more quickly than rates earned on our interest-earning assets, thus compressing our net interest margin.

The Company actively manages its interest rate sensitivity position. The objectives of interest rate risk management are to control exposure of net interest income to risks associated with interest rate movements and to achieve sustainable growth in net interest income. The Company’s ALCO, using policies and procedures approved by the Company’s board of directors, is responsible for the management of the Company’s interest rate sensitivity position. The Company manages interest rate sensitivity by changing the mix, pricing and re-pricing characteristics of its assets and liabilities, through the management of its investment portfolio, its offerings of loan and selected deposit terms and through wholesale funding. Wholesale funding consists of, but is not limited to, multiple sources including borrowings with the FHLB of Chicago, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago’s discount window and certificates of deposit from institutional brokers.

The Company uses several tools to manage its interest rate risk including interest rate sensitivity analysis, or gap analysis, market value of portfolio equity analysis, interest rate simulations under various rate scenarios and net interest margin reports. The results of these reports are compared to limits established by the Company’s ALCO policies and appropriate adjustments are made if the results are outside the established limits.

There are an infinite number of potential interest rate scenarios, each of which can be accompanied by differing economic/political/regulatory climates; can generate multiple differing behavior patterns by markets, borrowers, depositors, etc.; and, can last for varying degrees of time. Therefore, by definition, interest rate risk sensitivity cannot be predicted with certainty. Accordingly, the Company’s interest rate risk measurement philosophy focuses on maintaining an appropriate balance between theoretical and practical scenarios; especially given the primary objective of the Company’s overall asset/liability management process is to facilitate meaningful strategy development and implementation.

Therefore, we model a set of interest rate scenarios capturing the financial effects of a range of plausible rate scenarios; the collective impact of which will enable the Company to clearly understand the nature and extent of its sensitivity to interest rate changes. Doing so necessitates an assessment of rate changes over varying time horizons and of varying/sufficient degrees such that the impact of embedded options within the balance sheet are sufficiently examined.

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Table of Contents

The following tables demonstrate the annualized result of an interest rate simulation and the estimated effect that a parallel interest rate shift, or “shock,” in the yield curve and subjective adjustments in deposit pricing might have on the Company’s projected net interest income over the next 12 months.

This simulation assumes that there is no growth in interest-earning assets or interest-bearing liabilities over the next 12 months. The changes to net interest income shown below are in compliance with the Company’s policy guidelines.

As of September 30, 2024:

Change in Interest Rates

    

Percentage Change in

(in Basis Points)

 

Net Interest Income

+400

 

(5.2)%

+300

 

(3.6)%

+200

 

(2.5)%

+100

 

(1.2)%

-100

 

(1.4)%

As of December 31, 2023:

Change in Interest Rates

    

Percentage Change in 

(in Basis Points)

Net Interest Income

+400

 

0.1%

+300

 

0.1%

+200

 

0.1%

+100

 

0.2%

-100

 

(0.1)%

The increased sensitivity to changes in interest rates noted at September 30, 2024 was the result of management’s reconsideration of interest rate betas for its loan and deposit products during the third quarter of 2024.

Economic Value of Equity Analysis. We also analyze the sensitivity of the Company’s financial condition to changes in interest rates through our economic value of equity model. This analysis measures the difference between estimated changes in the present value of the Company’s assets and estimated changes in the present value of the Company’s liabilities assuming various changes in current interest rates. The Company’s economic value of equity analysis as of September 30, 2024 estimated that, in the event of an instantaneous 200 basis point increase in interest rates, the Company would experience a 3.18% increase in the economic value of equity. At the same date, our analysis estimated that, in the event of an instantaneous 100 basis point decrease in interest rates, the Company would experience a 3.02% decrease in the economic value of equity. The estimates of changes in the economic value of our equity require us to make certain assumptions including loan and mortgage-related investment prepayment speeds, reinvestment rates, and deposit maturities and decay rates. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, we cannot precisely predict the impact of changes in interest rates on the economic value of our equity. Although our economic value of equity analysis provides an indication of our interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such estimates are not intended to, and do not, provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on the economic value of our equity and will differ from actual results.

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Table of Contents

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), undertook an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report, and, based on that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report, in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting in a timely manner the information that the Company is required to disclose in its reports under the Exchange Act and in accumulating and communicating to the Company’s management, including the Company’s CEO and CFO, such information as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

No changes were made to our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended September 30, 2024 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.       LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are a party to various litigation in the normal course of business. Management, after consulting with our legal counsel, believes that any liability resulting from litigation will not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

ITEM 1A.     RISK FACTORS

Additional information regarding risk factors appears in “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Forward-Looking Statements” of this Form 10-Q and in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. There have been no material changes during the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024 to the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report.

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ITEM 2.       UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

(a)None.
(b)None.
(c)Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

On February 21, 2024, the Company renewed its share repurchase program, pursuant to which the Company may repurchase up to $30 million of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, for a period of one (1) year, ending on February 20, 2025. The program was announced in a Current Report on Form 8-K on February 21, 2024. The table below sets forth information regarding repurchases of our common stock during the third quarter of 2024 under that program as well as pursuant to the 2020 Equity Plan and other repurchases.

    

    

    

Total Number

    

Maximum Number

of Shares Repurchased as

of Shares

Part of

that May Yet Be

Total Number of Shares

Average Price Paid per

Publicly Announced

Purchased Under the

(in thousands, except per share data)

 Repurchased

 Share(1)

Plans or Programs

Plans or Programs(2)

July 2024

 

20,748

$

82.00

 

20,748

 

175,611

August 2024

 

 

 

 

175,611

September 2024

 

 

 

 

175,611

Total

 

20,748

$

82.00

 

20,748

 

175,611

(1)

The average price paid per share is calculated on a trade date basis for all open market transactions and excludes commissions and other transaction expenses.

(2)

Based on the closing per share price as of September 30, 2024 ($90.70).

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”) created a new nondeductible 1% excise tax on repurchases of corporate stock by certain publicly traded corporations or their specified affiliates after December 31, 2022. The tax is imposed on the fair value of the stock of a covered corporation that is repurchased in a given year, less the fair market value of any stock issued in that year. The Company falls under the definition of a “covered corporation”. The excise tax applies to all of the stock of a covered corporation regardless of whether the corporation has profits or losses. The impact of the IRA on our consolidated financial statements will be dependent on the extent of stock repurchases made in current and future periods.

ITEM 3.       DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4.       MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.

ITEM 5.       OTHER INFORMATION

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements

For the quarter ended September 30, 2024, there were no trading arrangements for the sale or purchases of Company securities adopted, terminated or for which the amount, pricing or timing provisions were modified by our directors and officers that was either (1) a contract, instruction or written plan intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) (a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement”) or (2) a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K).

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ITEM 6.       EXHIBITS

Exhibit Index

Exhibit Number

    

Description

31.1

Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer*

31.2

Rules 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer*

32.1

Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer**

101 INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded in the Inline XBRL document)

*Filed herewith.

**Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

DATE:

November 12, 2024

BY:

/s/Kevin M. LeMahieu

Kevin M. LeMahieu

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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