share_log

H-1B Overhaul Pressures Outsourcing Firms and Their U.S. Clients

H-1B Overhaul Pressures Outsourcing Firms and Their U.S. Clients

H-1B 大修壓力外包公司及其美國客戶
Dow Jones Newswires ·  2020/10/08 17:30

DJ H-1B Overhaul Pressures Outsourcing Firms and Their U.S. Clients

DJ H-1B 大修壓力外包公司及其美國客戶


By Angus Loten


安格斯·洛滕

The Trump administration's overhaul of the H-1B visa program for highly skilled foreign tech workers will pressure the business model of companies that make low-cost tech workers from India and elsewhere available in the U.S.

特朗普政府針對高技術技術工作者對 H-1B 簽證計劃進行了大修,將向來自印度和美國其他地方提供低成本科技工作者的公司的商業模式施加壓力。

The visas are especially prized by technology firms and information-technology departments at a range of corporations.

這些簽證特別受到各種公司的技術公司和信息技術部門的珍貴。

The restrictions, announced Tuesday, require U.S. employers to pay H-1B workers higher wages, narrow the types of credentials needed for foreign job applicants to qualify and shorten the length of visas for certain contract workers.

週二宣布的限制要求美國雇主支付 H-1B 工人更高的工資,縮小了外國工作申請人資格所需的證書類型,並縮短某些合同工人的簽證時間。

Trump administration officials said the changes were necessary to protect American workers, whom the administration believes are being undercut by foreign workers on H-1B visas who are paid lower wages to perform similar jobs.

特朗普政府官員表示,這些變化對於保護美國工人是必要的,政府認為這些工人正在削弱 H-1B 簽證的外國工人,他們的工資較低才能執行類似的工作。

Demand for the visas is high. U.S. employers last year filed a total of 201,011 applications for H-1B visas, up from 190,098 in 2018, according to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. In both years, the maximum number of visas was capped at 65,000, along with 20,000 set aside for highly qualified applicants with advanced degrees in science, engineering and IT, among other fields. The caps remain the same for the current fiscal year.

對簽證的需求很高。根據美國公民和移民局的數據,美國雇主去年總共提交了 201,011 份 H-1B 簽證申請,比 2018 年的 190,098 年增加。在這兩年,最高簽證數量上限為 65,000 個,同時為擁有科學、工程和資訊科技高等學位的高素質申請人預留 20,000 個簽證,以及其他領域。當前會計年度的上限保持不變。

German industrial company Robert Bosch GmbH said it uses the H-1B visa program for its U.S. operations. The company said it is "still evaluating the full impact of the latest changes," adding, "liberties such as the free movement of vetted people across borders is an integral part of creating a stable business environment."

德國工業公司羅伯特·博世有限公司表示,它使用 H-1B 簽證計劃進行美國業務。該公司表示,「仍在評估最新變化的全部影響」,並補充說,「經審查的人自由流動等自由跨境是創造穩定商業環境不可或缺的一部分。」

While some corporations hire H-1B visa holders directly, others tap their labor through business services companies such as Accenture PLC, Cognizant Technology Solutions Corp. and Infosys Ltd. These business services firms will be directly affected by the revisions in the visa program, industry experts say.

雖然一些公司直接聘請 H-1B 簽證持有人,但其他公司通過埃森哲 PLC,Cognizant 技術解決方案公司和 Infosys Ltd 等商業服務公司利用他們的勞動力,這些商業服務公司將直接受簽證計劃修訂的影響,行業專家說。

Accenture and Infosys declined to comment. Cognizant didn't respond to a request for comment.

埃森哲和信息系統拒絕發表評論。認識沒有回應評論請求。

Outsourcing companies arbitrage the labor price between companies in India, the Philippines and other places with the cost of labor in the U.S., according to Brian Kropp, chief of research for consultant Gartner Inc.'s human resources practice. They are able to offer a relatively similar service at a more efficient cost, according to Mr. Kropp.

顧問 Gartner Inc. 的研究總監布賴恩·克羅普(Brian Kropp)表示,外包公司對印度,菲律賓和其他美國勞動成本的地方公司之間的勞動力價格進行套利。s 人力資源實踐。根據 Kropp 先生的說法,他們能夠以更高效的成本提供相對類似的服務。

"This harms those organizations' abilities to arbitrage labor costs. There will be net fewer projects. And the projects that get done will be at a higher price," he said. "It's a drag on business." Lower-end projects such as routine software updates might be dropped, or executed by artificial intelligence agents instead of human labor, he said.

「這損害了那些組織套利勞動力成本的能力。將有淨更少的項目。而完成的項目將以更高的價格,」他說。「這是對業務的拖累。」他說,例如常規軟件更新等低端項目可能會被丟棄,或者由人工智能代理人而不是人工勞動執行。

More profitable projects, such as "the next generation of technology, the next big AI model," will still make economic sense for outsourcing companies, Mr. Kropp said.

更有利可圖的項目,如「下一代技術,下一代的大 AI 模式,」仍然會使外包公司的經濟意義,克羅普先生說。

Access to a larger pool of skilled tech workers has helped U.S. firms drive innovation and growth, said Rob Atkinson, president of the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. The board of the Washington-based tech policy think tank includes representatives from Amazon.com Inc., Microsoft Corp. and other large tech firms. "Trump to me is taking a sledgehammer to an issue that needs a scalpel," he said.

資訊技術與創新基金會總裁 Rob Atkinson 表示,接觸更多熟練的技術工作者已幫助美國企業推動創新和成長。總部位於華盛頓的科技政策智囊團董事會包括來自亞馬遜公司,微軟公司和其他大型科技公司的代表。他說:「特朗普對我來說,正在將大錘帶到需要解剖刀的問題上。」

"Access to foreign talent is critical for the recovery and growth of all sectors of the U.S. economy," said Alvina Antar, chief information officer at cloud identity-management company Okta Inc.

雲端身分管理公司 Okta Inc. 資訊長 Alvina Antar 表示:「獲得外國人才對美國經濟各個部門的復甦和成長至關重要。

Charlie Giancarlo, chief executive of Pure Storage Inc., which sells systems for storing corporate data, said workers on H-1B visas are a crucial part of the company's team. "Without their contributions, the American tech sector would not be at the cutting edge of innovation," he said.

Pure Storage Inc. 的首席執行官查理·吉安卡洛(Charlie Giancarlo)出售用於存儲公司數據的系統,他說 H-1B 簽證的工作人員是該公司團隊的重要組成部分。他說:「沒有他們的貢獻,美國科技部門將不會處於創新的前沿。」

Steve Yale-Loehr, a Cornell University Law School professor who specializes in immigration law, said companies might opt to avoid the costs associated with more frequent visa renewals or higher wages by establishing offices in other countries such as Canada, to access overseas tech talent.

專門從事移民法的康奈爾大學法學院教授 Steve Yale-Loehr 表示,公司可能會選擇通過在加拿大等其他國家設立辦事處來避免與更頻繁的簽證續簽或更高工資相關的成本,以獲得海外科技人才。

"As the immigration regime in the United States over the last 3 1/2 years has gotten more restrictive, more companies are thinking about offshoring some positions, or research or manufacturing plants," Mr. Yale-Loehr said.

Yale-Loehr 說:「由於美國的移民制度在過去 3 1/2 年已經變得更加嚴格,越來越多的公司正在考慮脫離一些職位,或研究或製造工廠,」先生.

--Sara Castellanos, Jared Council and Steven Rosenbush contributed to this article.

-薩拉·卡斯特拉諾斯, 賈里德議會和史蒂芬·羅森布什貢獻了這篇文章.

Write to Angus Loten at angus.loten@wsj.com

寫信給安格斯·洛滕(電郵地址:angus.loten@wsj.com)

(END) Dow Jones Newswires

(完) 道瓊斯通訊社

October 08, 2020 05:30 ET (09:30 GMT)

2020 十月 8 日凌晨 5 時 30 分(格林威治標準時間)

Copyright (c) 2020 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.

版權所有 (c) 2020 道瓊斯公司

譯文內容由第三人軟體翻譯。


以上內容僅用作資訊或教育之目的,不構成與富途相關的任何投資建議。富途竭力但無法保證上述全部內容的真實性、準確性和原創性。
    搶先評論