原标题：最前线丨特斯拉变“抠”：充电站涨价，将加收空调和取暖费
特斯拉变“抠”了，除了此前宣布加收汽车流量费，据Electrek，特斯拉近日更新了超级充电桩的计费政策，增加了电池充电以外的其他用电成本，比如电池加热器、HVAC（供热通风与空气调节）系统等费用。此前，这些费用都由特斯拉包办，车主在超充站只须支付电费，不需要和其他外部充电桩一般支付充电桩服务费。
Model 3在全球交付规模的扩大，对其充电站的密度和充电效率也提出了很高的要求。此前，据网友在感恩节上传的视频，在美国加利福尼亚州圣路易斯奥比斯波的一处超级充电桩附近大排长龙，车主要排队等待数小时才能有充电机会。
特斯拉也正在通过增加超充桩数量、提升充电效率以及接入第三方充电桩的方式解决充电焦虑。
根据此前的规划，特斯拉将在2018年将安装1.8万个超级充电桩，但由于建桩成本太高，靠汽车销售补贴铺桩的路子非常难走，这一目标直至2019年年底依旧没有实现。中国作为其最重要的市场，截至目前，特斯拉超级充电站已覆盖中国140+座城市，超级充电桩数量已超2300个，特斯拉方面预计2020年在中国大陆地区新增4000+超级充电桩。
此次加收汽车电池电费以外费用的也是为了收紧亏损。特斯拉也表示，在极端气候下客户充电时所消耗的能源可能相差10-25千瓦时，新的计费方法将“更准确地反映出交付给客户的价值和特斯拉产生的成本”。
在美国本土市场，特斯拉此前也开始寻求充电上的外部合作，在美国最大充电网络运营商EVgo的充电站中部署能用于特斯拉车型充电的连接器。
同时为了提升充电效率，增加充电站的汽车对流转效率，2019年3月份，特斯拉也推出了酝酿了三年的项目超级充电桩V3，并且已经在美国拉斯维加斯落地了全球第一个成熟的V3超充站。
以往的V2超充桩电量充满时间为40-50分钟，而V3超级充电桩采用了最新的液冷式电缆设计，充电速率达到了250千瓦，把完全充电控制在了30分钟以内。此外，在V3超充桩推广之前，特斯拉也将V2超级充电桩的速率提升至145千瓦。
1月13日，特斯拉股价首次飙升至500美元以上，创下历史新高522.68美元。从上周五的收盘价来看，特斯拉的股票自9月下旬以来已累计上涨了100%以上。
Original title: frontline Tesla, Inc.Become stingy: when the price of charging stations increases, air conditioning and heating charges will be added.
Tesla, Inc. has become "stingy". In addition to the previous announcement of an increase in car flow charges, according to Electrek, Tesla, Inc. recently updated the charging policy for super charging piles, increasing the cost of electricity other than battery charging, such as battery heaters and HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) systems. Previously, these expenses were handled by Tesla, Inc., and the car owner only had to pay the electricity bill at the overcharging station and did not have to pay the charging pile service fee like other external charging piles.
The expansion of the global delivery scale of Model 3 also puts forward high requirements for the density and charging efficiency of its charging stations. Earlier, according to a video uploaded by netizens on Thanksgiving, there was a long queue near a super-charging pile in San Luis Obispo, California, where car owners had to wait for hours to get a chance to recharge.
Tesla, Inc. is also solving charging anxiety by increasing the number of overcharged piles, improving charging efficiency and connecting to third-party charging piles.
According to previous plans, Tesla, Inc. will install 18000 super-charging piles in 2018, but the construction cost is so high that it is very difficult to rely on car sales subsidies to lay piles, a goal that has not been achieved until the end of 2019. China, as its most important market, so far, Tesla, Inc. supercharging stations have covered 140 + cities in China, and the number of super charging piles has exceeded 2300. Tesla, Inc. expects to add 4,000 new super charging piles in Chinese mainland area in 2020.
The additional charges in addition to the electricity charges for car batteries are also aimed at tightening losses. Tesla, Inc. also said that in extreme weather, the energy consumed by customers when charging may vary from 10 to 25 kilowatt hours, and the new billing method will "more accurately reflect the value delivered to customers and the cost generated by Tesla, Inc.."
In the US domestic market, Tesla, Inc. has also begun to seek external cooperation on charging, deploying connectors that can be used to charge Tesla, Inc. models in the charging stations of EVgo, the largest charging network operator in the United States.
At the same time, in order to improve the charging efficiency and increase the vehicle convection efficiency of the charging station, in March 2019, Tesla, Inc. also launched the project Super charging pile V3, which has been brewing for three years, and has landed the first mature V3 supercharging station in Las Vegas in the United States.
In the past, the charge time of the V2 super-charge pile was 40-50 minutes, while the V3 super-charge pile adopted the latest liquid-cooled cable design, the charging rate reached 250 kilowatts, and the full charge was controlled within 30 minutes. In addition, before the promotion of V3 super-charged piles, Tesla, Inc. also increased the speed of V2 super-charged piles to 145kW.
Tesla, Inc. 's share price soared above $500 for the first time on January 13, hitting an all-time high of $522.68. Judging from Friday's closing price, Tesla, Inc. 's shares have risen more than 100 per cent since late September.
