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Good Natured Products Inc. Announces First Quarter 2024 Results

Good Natured Products Inc. Announces First Quarter 2024 Results

Good Natured Products Inc. 公佈2024年第一季度業績
newsfile ·  05/30 18:00

Vancouver, British Columbia--(Newsfile Corp. - May 30, 2024) - good natured Products Inc. (TSXV: GDNP) (OTCQB: GDNPF) (the "Company" or "good natured"), a North American leader in eco-friendly food packaging, bio-based plastic extrusion and plant-based products, today announced its financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 ("Q1 2024").

卑詩省溫哥華-(新聞稿Corp. - 2024年5月30日)- good natured Products Inc. (tsxv:GDNP) (OTCQB:GDNPF)(以下簡稱"公司"或"良好的性格一家北美環保食品包裝、生物基塑料擠出以及植物產品領導者,今天公佈了截至2024年3月31日("2024年Q1")的財務業績

Q1 2024 Highlights

2024年第一季度亮點

  • Revenue of $14.1 million compared to $20.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 ("Q1 2023") and $18.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 ("Q4 2023").
  • Adjusted EBITDA1 of $0.2 million compared to $0.7 in Q1 2023 and $0.1 million in Q4 2023.
  • Variable gross margin1 of 40% compared to 38% in Q1 2023 and 35% in Q4 2023.
  • SG&A expenses excluding one-time and acquisition related costs of $2.7 million compared to $3.6 million in Q1 2023 and $3.3 million in Q4 2022.
  • Cash used in operating activities of $1.7 million compared to $0.8 million generated in Q1 2023.
  • Ending cash balance of $4.3 million compared to $7.3 million at December 31, 2023.
  • 營業收入爲1410萬美元,相比2023年3月31日("Q1 2023")的2030萬美元和2023年12月31日("Q4 2023")的1860萬美元有所下降。毛利率爲0.2百萬美元,與Q1 2023的0.7百萬美元和Q4 2023的0.1百萬美元相比下降。
  • 調整後的EBITDA1可變毛利率爲40%,較Q1 2023的38%和Q4 2023的35%有所增長。不包括一次性和收購相關成本的SG&A費用爲270萬美元,相比Q1 2023的360萬美元和Q4 2022的330萬美元有所下降。
  • 變量毛利率1爲40%,較Q1 2023的38%和Q4 2023的35%有所增長。
  • 不包括一次性和收購相關成本的SG&A費用爲270萬美元,相比Q1 2023的360萬美元和Q4 2022的330萬美元有所下降。
  • 運營活動使用現金爲170萬美元,相比Q1 2023的盈利800000美元有所下降。
  • 截至2023年12月31日,結束現金餘額爲430萬美元,相比之下2023年12月31日爲730萬美元。

Revenue in Q1 2024 declined by 24% compared to Q4 2023, which was offset by higher variable gross margin and lower SG&A expenses to deliver stronger Adjusted EBITDA compared to Q4 2023. The decline in revenue in Q1 2024 was primarily due the following factors: 1) an abnormally slow and soft month of January 2024, which has been reported widely in the industry and was especially apparent in the Company's Industrial business group that continues to face lower demand levels, increased market competitiveness and volatility; 2) a decision to fully exit a legacy petroleum-based Industrial business group product line; and 3) lower order volumes from the large US food producer highlighted in Q4 2023 (the "US Food Producer") that supplies major grocery retailers, who continue to reassess product assortments and renegotiate vendor agreements to safeguard margins amid food inflation and shifting consumer spending patterns. The Company experienced improved monthly revenues for the balance of Q1 2024 after the abnormally slow January 2024.

2024年Q1的營業收入與Q4 2023相比下降了24%,但較低的SG&A費用和較高的可變毛利率抵消了這一點。 2024年Q1營業收入下降主要是由以下因素引起的:1)2024年1月是異常緩慢和軟弱的月份,已經被業界廣泛報道,尤其在公司的工業業務組中表現尤爲明顯,繼續面臨較低的需求水平、增加的市場競爭力和波動性;2)決定全面退出具有傳統石油基礎的工業業務組產品線;3)來自Q4 2023("美國食品生產商")提到的美國大型食品生產商訂單數量減少,這些食品生產商供應主要的雜貨零售商,他們繼續評估產品組合並重新談判供應商協議,以在食品通貨膨脹和消費者支出模式轉變中保障利潤。公司在2024年Q1的余月中經歷了改善的月度營業收入,而1月份的異常緩慢則是臨時的。

The Company has taken a number of steps, including proactively adjusting its product offering to deliver improved profitability, in part by exiting an Industrial business group product line as mentioned above. Year-over-year revenue loss in Q1 2024 from these activities in the Industrial business group was $1.8 million and is anticipated to be $5.5 to $6.5 million in total revenue loss for 2024. The Company also intends to discontinue its Commercial & Business Supplies business group by the end of 2024.

公司已採取了一些措施,包括積極調整其產品組合,以提高盈利能力,部分通過退出上述工業業務組產品線。來自這些活動的2024年Q1營收損失爲180萬美元,預計2024年總營收損失將達到550萬至650萬美元。公司還打算在2024年底前停止其商業供應業務組。

Building on the actions taken in Q4 2023 to reduce overall cost structure, the Company took substantial measures in Q1 2024 to lower its operating costs, including corporate cost reduction initiatives announced on February 14, 2024 that are expected to result in annualized savings of approximately $3 million. The Company continues to rigorously review operating capabilities and processes in order to identify optimization initiatives.

建立在Q4 2023的降低總成本結構的措施的基礎上,公司在2024年Q1採取了重大措施,降低了其運營成本,包括於2024年2月14日宣佈的企業成本降低舉措,預計可以實現每年約300萬美元的節省。公司繼續嚴格審查運營能力和流程,以確定優化措施。

"Our focus is squarely on maximizing profitability by focusing on cost containment, growing a diversified customer base, and by adjusting our products and mix to focus on the highest value offerings," stated Paul Antoniadis, CEO of good natured. "Although the first quarter was also challenged by weather-related disruptions and ongoing evidence of changes in consumer purchasing patterns due to higher food prices, our team's proactive actions delivered positive Adjusted EBITDA for the tenth straight quarter."

"我們的重點是通過控制成本、發展多元化客戶群以及調整我們的產品和組合,聚焦於最高價值的產品和組合,以最大化盈利能力," said paul antoniadis, CEO of 良好的性格"雖然第一季度也受到了天氣相關的干擾和由於食品價格上漲導致消費者購買模式的持續變化的證據的挑戰,但我們團隊的積極行動爲第十個季度的調整後的EBITDA帶來了積極的效果。"

Q1 2024 Financial Overview
Revenue for Q1 2024 decreased 31% to $14,070 as compared to $20,315 for Q1 2023. The Packaging business group realized a year-over-year revenue decline of 31%, driven by organic growth that was more than offset by general order volatility, including lower order volumes from the US Food Producer, lower blended average selling prices amongst some other national packaging accounts, and to a lesser extent customer churn amongst small business customers who have been greatly impacted by current economic conditions.

2024年Q1財務概述
2024年Q1營業收入同比下降31%至1.407萬美元,Q1 2023爲2.0315萬美元。Packaging業務組實現了31%的同比營收下降,主要原因是有機增長被普遍訂單波動所抵消,包括來自美國食品生產商的訂單量下降,一些其他全國包裝公司的平均售價下降,對小型企業客戶造成了相對較小的影響。

Industrial business group revenue declined by 32% compared to Q1 2023, driven by a decision to fully exit a legacy petroleum-based Industrial business group product line as noted above, an industry-wide decline in average selling prices, continued soft demand and increased competitive pressure for commodity petroleum-based product, and weather-related disruptions in January 2024.

工業業務組的收入較Q1 2023下降32%,主要是由於已退出石油類基礎產品系列的決定、平均售價的全行業下降、持續的軟需求和商品石油類產品增加了競爭壓力和天氣相關的干擾所致。

Variable gross margin1 for Q1 2024 increased to 39.9% compared to 37.5% for Q1 2023. The increase in variable gross margin reflects lower raw material input costs, a reduction in direct labor headcount and productivity enhancements in the variable cost of products. Gross margin was 28.0% for Q1 2024 compared to 27.6% for Q1 2023.

變量毛利率1爲39.9%,較Q1 2023的37.5%有所提高。變量毛利率上升反映了較低的原材料投入成本、直接勞動人頭數的減少以及變量成本的生產效益提高。Q1 2024的毛利率爲28.0%,而Q1 2023的毛利率爲27.6%。

Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") in Q1 2024 decreased by 8% compared to Q1 2023. The decrease in SG&A expenses reflects the Company's ongoing efforts to reduce costs through headcount reductions and lower legal and professional fees, which was partially offset by an increase in one-time costs associated with the cost reduction efforts in Q1 2024. SG&A excluding acquisition activity and one-time charges declined 24% on a year-over-year basis.

銷售、一般和管理費用("SG&A")銷售及行政開支2024年第一季度,與2023年第一季度相比,SG&A費用減少了8%。SG&A費用的減少反映了公司通過裁員和降低法律和專業費用的不斷努力來降低成本,其部分被2024年第一季度的成本削減所抵消。不包括收購活動和一次性費用的SG&A同比下降24%。

The Company's Adjusted EBITDA1 decreased to $0.2 million in Q1 2024 from $0.7 in Q1 2023, as the decline in gross profit contribution exceeded the decline in SG&A and fulfilment and logistics expenses.

公司的已調整EBITDA由2023年第一季度的700萬美元降至2024年第一季度的200萬美元,因爲毛利貢獻下降超過了SG&A以及執行和物流成本的下降。1公司在2024年第一季度實現淨虧損500萬美元,而2023年第一季度的淨虧損爲250萬美元。排除非現金費用變動(例如股份補償,折舊和攤銷,一次性費用和收益以及匯率變動),財務成本增加是去年同期淨虧損增加的主要原因。

The Company incurred a net loss of $5.0 million in Q1 2024 compared to a net loss of $2.5 million in Q1 2023. Excluding changes in non-cash expenses such as share-based compensation, depreciation and amortization, one-time charges and gains, and foreign exchange, an increase in financing costs was the primary reason for the year-over-year increase in net loss.

現金流和資產負債表概述:2024年第一季度運營活動使用的現金爲170萬美元,而2023年第一季度運營活動生成的現金爲800萬美元。除了增加27%的融資費用之外,公司從其運營活動中爲2024年第一季度產生了正面的現金流。公司在2024年第一季度的淨現金流從融資活動爲負900萬美元,而投資活動爲負500萬美元。截至2024年3月31日的現金餘額爲430萬美元,而截至2023年12月31日的現金餘額爲730萬美元。截至2024年3月31日,淨營運資本(負債)爲(460)萬美元,而截至2023年12月31日爲(140)萬美元。

Cash Flow & Balance Sheet Overview
Cash used by operating activities for Q1 2024 was $1.7 million compared to $0.8 million generated by operating activities for Q1 2023. The Company generated positive cash flow from its operations for Q1 2024 excluding financing expenses, which increased 27% compared to Q1 2023. The Company used $0.9 million in net cash from financing activities for Q1 2024 and used $0.5 million in investing activities for Q1 2024.

該公司致力於探索提高長期戰略增長能力的選擇。這包括專注於重組和重新協商其債務義務以減輕槓桿和現金利息支付的方式。
截至2024年3月31日,該公司的總資產負債比率爲1.07,而截至2023年12月31日爲1.10。

Cash balance as at March 31, 2024 was $4.3 million, compared to $7.3 million as at December 31, 2023. As at March 31, 2024, net working capital (deficit) was ($4.6) million compared to ($1.4) million as at December 31, 2023.

公司的2024年第一季度財務報表和管理層討論分析可在sedarplus.ca和goodnaturedproducts.com/pages/investor上查看。

The Company remains committed to exploring options that will enhance its ability to execute on strategic growth over the long term. This includes a focus on ways to restructure and renegotiate its debt obligations to reduce leverage and cash interest payments.

由於公司嚴格控制成本,因此已決定在進一步通知之前不舉行季度電話會議。管理層可用於討論這些結果或任何一般性查詢,聯繫信息如下。

As at March 31, 2024, the Company's total asset to liability ratio was 1.07 compared to 1.10 as at December 31, 2023.

該公司的企業概況可在goodnaturedproducts.com/pages/investor找到。

The Company's Q1 2024 financial statements and Management's Discussion and Analysis are available on SEDAR+ at sedarplus.ca and on the Company's website at goodnaturedproducts.com/pages/investor.

我們在本新聞稿中包含了討論公司的變動毛利潤,變動毛利率,SG&A成本,除收購活動和一次性費用外的非GAAP指標,以及已調整的EBITDA所有非GAAP指標,爲提供什麼管理層認爲的有意義的比較,我們比較了2023年第一季度,2024年第一季度和2023年第四季度的公司績效。這些非GAAP指標沒有標準化含義,因此可能與其他發行人呈現的類似指標不可比較。變動毛利潤,變動毛利率,除收購活動和一次性費用外的SG&A成本,以及已調整的EBITDA在公司2024年第一季度的管理層討論和分析中更充分地定義和討論,其中包括“非IFRS財務指標”下的標題,可在公司的SEDAR資料庫和公司的投資者網站上找到。

As part of its strict focus on cost containment, the Company has made the decision to not hold quarterly conference calls until further notice. Management is available to discuss these results or any general inquiry, with contact information listed below.

下表提供了期間淨虧損與已調整EBITDA之間的對比: 3 Mon Ended Mar 31 (5,004)

The good natured corporate profile can be found at:
goodnaturedproducts.com/pages/investor

這個良好的性格goodnaturedproducts.com/pages/investor
保羅·安東尼阿迪斯-執行主席兼首席執行官

About good natured Products Inc.
good natured is at the forefront of North America's shift toward sustainability, showcasing over 90 plant-based packaging designs and an extensive portfolio of more than 400 products and services. These offerings are purposefully designed to reduce environmental impact by using more renewable materials, less fossil fuel, and eliminating chemicals of concern.

關於良好的性格產品公司。
良好的性格 處於北美可持續性轉變的前沿,展示了超過90種植物基礎包裝設計和一個包括超過400種產品和服務的廣泛組合。這些提供是有目的地設計,通過使用更多可再生材料,減少化石燃料和消除有害化學物質來減少環境影響。

Manufactured locally in the US and Canada, good natured engineers and distributes a diverse range of bio-based products across various sectors, including grocery, restaurant, electronics, automotive, and pharmaceutical via both wholesale and direct channels.

在美國和加拿大本地製造,良好的性格工程師並通過批發和直接渠道在各個領域分銷各種生物基礎產品。這些領域包括食品雜貨,餐館,電子,汽車和藥品。

The Company is dedicated to providing an industry-leading customer experience in order to encourage the transition to renewable alternatives. By making it easy and affordable for businesses to adopt bio-based products and packaging, good natured aims to empower them to reach their sustainability objectives.

公司致力於提供業界領先的客戶體驗,以鼓勵向可再生替代品的過渡。通過使企業採用基於生物的產品和包裝變得簡單和實惠,良好的性格旨在使企業能夠達到其可持續性目標。

For more information: goodnaturedproducts.com

了解更多信息:goodnaturedproducts.com

On behalf of the Company:
Paul Antoniadis – Executive Chair & CEO
Contact: 1-604-566-8466

代表公司:
保羅·安東尼亞迪斯 - 執行主席兼首席執行官
聯繫方式:1-604-566-8466

Investor Contact:
Spencer Churchill
Investor Relations
1-877-286-0617 ext. 113
invest@goodnaturedproducts.com

投資者聯繫人:
斯潘塞·丘吉爾
投資者關係
1-877-286-0617分機113
invest@goodnaturedproducts.com

Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibilities for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.

TSX創業公司交易所及其監管服務提供者(如TSX創業公司交易所政策所定義的那樣)不對本公告的充分性或準確性負責。

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

非依照普遍公認會計准則的財務措施

We have included in this press release a discussion of the Company's variable gross profit, variable gross margin, SG&A excluding acquisition activity and one-time charges, and adjusted EBITDA all non-GAAP measures, for Q1 2023, Q1 2024, and Q4 2023 to provide, what management believes, is a meaningful comparison of the Company's performance in Q1 2024. These non-GAAP measures do not have standardized meanings, and therefore may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. Variable gross profit, variable gross margin, SG&A excluding acquisition activity and one-time charges, and adjusted EBITDA are more fully defined and discussed in the Company's Q1 2024 Management's Discussion and Analysis under the heading "non-IFRS financial measures", which is available on the Company's SEDAR profile at and on the Company's investor website at goodnaturedproducts.com/pages/investor.

goodnaturedproducts.com/pages/investor下表提供了期間淨虧損與已調整EBITDA之間的對比: 3 Mon Ended Mar 31 (5,004).

The following table provides a reconciliation of net loss to adjusted EBITDA for the periods ended:

goodnaturedproducts.com/pages/investor




3 Mon Ended Mar 31






2024
2023

+/-
Net loss for the period $ (5,004) $
(2,521) 98%
Share-based compensation 640 403 59%
Depreciation 573 627 -9%
Depreciation in COGS & SG&A 546 532 3%
Financing costs 2,290 1,799 27%
Foreign exchange loss (gain) 473 (291) -263%
Gain on WINN Loan - (42) -100%
Loss on financing - - -%
Loss on impairment - - -%
Acquisition related expenses & one-time charges 831 291 186%
Deferred income taxes recovery (125) (125) -%
Adjusted EBITDA1
224
673

-67%



截至2024年3月31日






2024
2023

+/-
本期淨損失 $ (5,004) $
(2,521) 98%
股權酬金 640 403 59%
折舊費用 573 627 -9%
銷售、管理及行政 (COGS & SG&A) 折舊 546 532 3%
融資成本 2,290 1,799 27%
匯率期貨損益 473 (291) -263%
WINN 貸款獲利 - -42 -100%
融資損失 - - -%
減值損失 - - -%
收購相關費用和一次性費用 831 291 186%
遞延所得稅收益 (125) (125) -%
調整後的EBITDA1
224
673

-67%

The following table provides a reconciliation of variable gross profit to gross profit and variable gross margin to gross margin for the periods ended:

以下表格提供了變量毛利與毛利潤、變量毛利率與毛利率的調節:



3 months ended Mar 31




2024

2023

+/-
Revenue 14,070 20,315 -31%
Variable cost of product
8,463

12,702

-33%
Variable Gross Profit1
5,607

7,613

-26%
Variable Gross Margin % 39.9% 37.5%
Fixed factory overhead
1,671

2,014

-17%
Gross profit
3,936

5,599

-30%
Gross margin % 28.0% 27.6%


截至3月31日止三個月




2024

2023

+/-
營業收入 14070 20,315 -31%
產品變動成本
8,463

12,702

-33%
變量毛利潤1
5,607

7,613

-26%
變量毛利率% 39.9% 37.5%
固定工廠間接費用
1,671

2,014

-17%
毛利潤
3,936

5,599

-30%
毛利率 % 28.0% 27.6%

The following table provides a reconciliation of selling, general and administrative expense excluding acquisition activity and one-time charges:

下表提供了銷售、管理費用的對比(不包括收購活動和一次性費用):



3 Mon Ended Mar 31





2024

2023

+/-
SG&A Wages $ 1,935 $ 2,353 -18%
SG&A Other 746 1,031 -28%
Product Development expense 28 166 -83%
Acquisition related expenses & one-time charges1
831

291

186%
SG&A
3,540

3,841

-8%
SG&A % of Revenue
25%

19%


SG&A Excluding Acquisition Activity & One-Time Charges1
2,709

3,550

-24%
SG&A % of Revenue Excluding Acquisition Activity & One-Time Charges1
19%

18%


SG&A Wages % of Revenues
14%

12%




截至3月31日的3個月





2024

2023

+/-
銷售及行政人員工資 $ 1,935 $ 2,353 -18%
其他銷售及行政費用 746 1,031 -28%
產品研發費用 28 166 -83%
收購相關費用和一次性費用1
831

291

186%
銷售及行政開支
3,540

3,841

-8%
銷售及行政費用/營業收入
25%

19%


除收購活動和一次性費用外的銷售及行政費用1
2,709

3,550

-24%
除收購活動和一次性費用外的銷售及行政費用/營業收入1
19%

18%


銷售及行政人員工資/營業收入
14%

12%


Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information

關於前瞻性信息的警示聲明

This news release contains forward-looking information within the meaning of securities laws including statements related to Company plans, focuses and outlook for 2024.

本新聞稿包含有關公司計劃、重點和2024年前景的前瞻性信息,該信息涉及證券法。

By their nature, forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, changes in circumstances and other factors that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of the Company's control which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or other future events, to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.

按其本質,前瞻性聲明牽涉到難以預測的已知和未知風險、不確定性、環境變化和其他難以預測的因素,其中許多因素在公司掌控之外,這些因素可能導致我們的實際業績或其他未來事件與任何未來的業績或隱含的前瞻性聲明明顯不同。

Forward-looking information contained in this news release is based on our current estimates, expectations and projections regarding, among other things, future plans and strategies, projections, future market and operating conditions, supply conditions, end customer demand conditions, anticipated events and trends, general market conditions, the economy, financial conditions, sales volume and pricing, expenses and costs, and other future conditions which we believe are reasonable as of the current date. Important factors that could cause actual results and financial conditions to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: future capital needs and uncertainty of additional financing, risks relating to general economic, market and business conditions and unforeseen delays in the realization of the Company's plans, risks related to the loss of key manufacturing equipment, capability or facilities, the performance of plant-based materials and the ability of the Company's products and packaging to meet significant technical requirements, changes in raw material supply and costs, labour availability and labour costs, fluctuations in operating results, and other related risks as more fully set out in the Annual Information Form of the Company and other documents disclosed under the Company's filings at . The reader should not place undue importance on forward-looking information and should not rely upon this information as of any other date.

此新聞稿中包含的前瞻性信息是基於我們目前的估計、期望和展望,涉及未來計劃和策略、預測、未來市場和經營狀況、供應狀況、最終客戶需求狀況、預期的事件和趨勢、一般市場狀況、經濟、財務狀況、銷售成交量和價格、費用和成本以及其他我們認爲合理並符合當前日期的未來狀況。可能導致實際結果和財務狀況與前瞻性聲明中所示的有所不同的重要因素包括但不限於:未來資本需求和額外融資的不確定性、與一般經濟、市場和業務狀況相關的風險以及公司計劃實現的意外延遲、與主要製造設備、能力或設施丟失有關的風險、植物基材料的性能以及公司產品和包裝能力是否能滿足重要技術要求、原材料供應和成本變化、勞動力可用性和勞動力成本以及經營結果的波動,以及其他相關風險,如公司的年度信息表和在公司歸檔下披露的其他文件中所完全列出的那樣。讀者不應過分重視前瞻性信息,也不應依賴此信息作爲任何其他日期的依據。

If relying on the Company's forward-looking statements and information to make decisions, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. The Company has assumed that the material factors referred to herein will not cause such forward-looking statements and information to differ materially from actual results or events. However, there can be no assurance that such assumptions will reflect the actual outcome of such items or factors.

如果投資者或他人依賴公司的前瞻性聲明和信息做決定,應仔細考慮上述因素和其他不確定性和潛在事件。公司假定在此所涉及的重大因素不會導致這些前瞻性聲明和信息與實際結果或事件有顯著不同。但是,不能保證這些假設將反映這些項或因素的實際結果。

Other than as required under securities laws, we do not undertake to update this information at any particular time.

除了根據證券法規定,我們不承諾在任何特定時間更新此信息。

All forward-looking information contained in this news release is expressly qualified in its entirety by this cautionary statement.

此新聞稿中包含的所有前瞻性信息均在其整體上受此警示聲明的明示限制。


1 A non-GAAP financing measure. Please refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below for an explanation of these measures and reconciliation to the Company's financial results reported in accordance with GAAP.

1一種非GAAP融資指標。有關這些指標的說明和與按照GAAP報告的公司財務結果的調和,請參見下文的“非GAAP財務指標”。

譯文內容由第三人軟體翻譯。


以上內容僅用作資訊或教育之目的,不構成與富途相關的任何投資建議。富途竭力但無法保證上述全部內容的真實性、準確性和原創性。
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