Supreme Court Overturns Chevron Ruling: Biden Administration Warns Of 'Convulsive Shock'
Supreme Court Overturns Chevron Ruling: Biden Administration Warns Of 'Convulsive Shock'
The U.S. Supreme Court has overturned a 40-year-old decision that gave the executive branch the power to rule on laws passed by Congress that were unclear.
美國最高法院推翻了40年前的一項決定，該決定賦予行政部門對國會通過的不明確法律進行裁決的權力。
The decision, known as the Chevron doctrine, stems from a unanimous Supreme Court case involving the energy company in an argument over the Clean Air Act that upheld an action by the Environmental Protection Agency under then-President Ronald Reagan.
這個被稱爲雪佛龍原則的決定源於一個能源公司的一宗無異議的最高法院案件，當時爭取《清潔空氣法》的執行權在里根(Ronald Reagan)總統時期下由環境保護署執行。
Since then, the Chevron decision has required judges to defer to agencies' reasonable interpretations of congressional statutes. Friday's 6-3 ruling to overturn the doctrine allows judges to decide on laws that are considered ambiguous.
自那以後，雪佛龍決定要求法官服從於機構對國會法案的合理解釋。週五6-3的裁決推翻了這個原則，允許法官決定那些被認爲是模棱兩可的法律。
The 1984 ruling has long been in the crosshairs of conservatives and business groups who argue that it gives too much power to the executive branch, the Associated Press reported.
據美聯社報道，這項1984年的裁決一直是保守派和商業團體攻擊的目標，他們認爲它賦予行政部門過大的權力。
Also Read: Supreme Court Backs Jan. 6 Rioter: Could This Affect Trump's Case?
另外閱讀：最高法院支持1月6日騷亂者：這對特朗普的案子有影響嗎？
The Biden administration has defended the law, warning that overturning it would be destabilizing and could bring a "convulsive shock" to the nation's legal system.
拜登政府辯稱該法律保護的必要性，警告推翻它將會是破壞性的，並可能給國家的法律系統帶來震動。
But groups representing the gun industry and other businesses such as tobacco, agriculture, timber and homebuilding have urged the Supreme Court to overturn the decades-old ruling.
但代表槍支業、菸草、農業、林業和家居建築等其他行業板塊的團體敦促最高法院推翻這個幾十年前的判斷。
The Supreme Court took a close look at the Chevron ruling in January when presiding over a case brought by herring fishermen who objected to being forced to pay for federal inspections of their catch, USA Today reported.
《今日美國》報道稱，當它審理一宗由青魚漁民提起的訴訟案時，最高法院在1月份對雪佛龍裁決進行了仔細的審查，這些漁民反對被迫爲他們捕撈的漁獲支付聯邦檢查費用。
Price Action: Makers of guns, tobacco and timber saw their stocks having mixed reactions to the Supreme Court decision by midday Friday. Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc. (NASDAQ:SWBI) slipped 2.2% to $14.45, while Olin Corporation (NYSE:OLN) edged up 0.24% to $47.74.
股價動態：到週五中午，槍支、菸草和木材製品製造商的股票對最高法院的裁決反應不一。Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc. (納斯達克股票代碼：SWBI)下跌2.2%至14.45美元，歐林公司(NYSE股票代碼：OLN)微漲0.24%至47.74美元。
Phillip Morris International Inc. (NYSE:PM) shed 0.33% to $101.23 and British American Tobacco p.l.c. (NYSE:BTI) jumped 0.24% to $30.97. International Paper Company (NYSE:IP) slid 0.08% to $43.22 by midday on Friday.
截至週五中午，菲利普莫里斯國際公司（紐約證券交易所股票代碼：PM）下跌0.33%至101.23美元，英美菸草p.l.c.(紐約證券交易所股票代碼：BTI)上漲0.24%至30.97美元，國際紙業（紐約證券交易所股票代碼：IP）在週五中午下跌0.08%至43.22美元。
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Photo: Shutterstock
Photo: shutterstock
譯文內容由第三人軟體翻譯。