This article compiles CITIC's Tesla, Inc.: fully autopilot FSD system.
Abstract: the development of autopilot is inseparable from the support of sensors. Take Tesla, Inc. FSD (Full Self-Driving) system as an example, its sensing system mainly uses car cameras, and semiconductor manufacturer on Semiconductor is the exclusive supplier of CMOS chips for vehicle cameras. On Semet accounts for more than 60% of the global market share of CMOS chips for car cameras, ranking first in the world, and its share price has recently continued to hit record highs. With the penetration of Xinyuan vehicles, the sensor manufacturers in the upper reaches of the industrial chain ushered in the opportunity of rapid growth.
Tesla, Inc. 's FSD perception system is dominated by cameras.
The autopilot system mainly covers three aspects, namely
1) perception layer, which senses the environment around the car body through sensors (including on-board camera / ultrasonic radar / millimeter wave radar / lidar, etc.)
2) decision layer, making decisions based on the information collected by the perception layer (involving chips / algorithms)
3) the executive layer takes driving actions including braking / warning by receiving the real-time information of the sensor and the decision signal obtained by the chip / algorithm.
Tesla, Inc. autopilot hardware equipment has a total of three upgrades, HW1.0 to HW2.0 mainly by increasing the number of sensors and deep learning function to greatly improve perception. HW2.0 to HW3.0 mainly carried out two upgrades for the chip, basically achieving the computing power required for the L5 fully self-driving level.
At the perceptual level, Musk has always insisted on using in-car cameras rather than lidar.Car cameras mainly include inner-looking camera, rear-looking camera, front-facing camera, side-looking camera, look-around camera and so on. At present, cameras are mainly used in reversing images (rear view) and 360-degree panoramic view (look around). Various auxiliary devices of high-end cars can be equipped with up to 8 cameras to assist drivers in parking or trigger emergency brakes.
On Semet exclusively supplies Tesla, Inc. CMOS chips
Tesla, Inc. uses on-board cameras from on Semiconductor, a semiconductor company.
Data displayIn 2018, the global market share of on-board camera sensors exceeded 60%. The first place in the world, the second and the third were Weier and Sony Group Corp respectively.
It is worth mentioning that in addition to being used in autopilot, the larger market for CMOS chips is the use of mobile phones. Driven by downstream applications such as smartphones and automotive electronics, the global market for CMOS image sensors is expected to reach $23.84 billion by 2024.
The only sensor manufacturer in the world that is involved in camera, radar and lidar
On Semiconductor was spun off from Motorola Semiconductor in 1999. On Semiconductor focuses on five major product application markets: automotive, industrial, communications, consumer electronics and computing. Among them, the automotive business accounts for about 1x3 of on Semiconductor's total business, followed by industry (accounting for about 1amp 4).
From the Motorola era, on Semiconductor has been in the automotive industry for 40 or 50 years, and even products developed 40 or 50 years ago are still being sold (because the automotive industry needs continuity). By contrast, some competitors have only recently moved from the consumer industry to the auto industry. On Semiconductor has a first-mover advantage.
According to the product division, on Semiconductor has three major product divisions: power Solutions (PSG), Analog Solutions (ASG) and Image sensors (ISG). Among them, PSG accounts for about half of the company's output value.Although the image sensor department is the smallest at present, it is growing very fast.
U.S. stocks closed on Tuesday, with on Semet hitting an all-time high with a market capitalization of $11.7 billion, and is expected to continue to benefit from the development of new energy vehicles.
Intelligent aspectAs the adoption of the former ADAS scheme increases, each new car sold in the United States by 2023 is likely to have more than three cameras.
In addition, on Semet acquired IBM Radar Design Center in 2017 and SensL, a leading supplier of SiPM, SPAD and LiDAR sensing products, in 2018.Therefore, in addition to image sensors, it can also provide more complete sensor solutions, including radar and optical radar (Lidar). It is the only company in the world with all sensing technologies and is expected to maintain its leading position.
ElectrificationOn Semiconductor has all the power products and solutions for electronic automotive functions, including: IGBT, high voltage gate drivers, super junction rectifiers, high voltage MOSFET, high voltage DC-DC, and wide band gap (WBG) development of silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) for next-generation solutions. Management estimates that, driven by the electrification of the car, the value that on Semet can provide to a car will increase from $40 to $500 for a traditional fuel-fueled car.
Edit / jasonzeng